【首報族】報稅不難,但報稅的英文?|語言習得

Input for Comprehension or for Acquisition?

胡嘉修
英語腦 THE ENGLISH MIND
4 min readMay 6, 2020

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Photo by Kelly Sikkema on Unsplash

身為首報族,我最近都在爬文做功課,新聞一直提到「報稅」、「節稅」、「逃漏稅」、「所得稅」、「累進稅率」,讓我既期待又怕受傷害,又想年收入達報稅標準,但又不想面對要報稅的事實。

先來看一下最近報稅季, Taipei Times、Taiwan News 這兩家台灣的英文新聞怎麼提醒民眾報稅:

[ Taipei Times ]
Under the
Income Tax Act (所得稅法), people found guilty of evading taxes (逃漏稅) are required to pay the owed taxes (應繳稅款) plus a fine of two to three times the evaded amount.

[ Taiwan News ]
... whether this would only slow down the burden on people and not provide the real relief
a tax cut (減稅) would. Su responded that no tax reduction (減稅) measures had been offered in the past...

四大會計中的資誠在四月最新消息中告訴大家,如果受到疫情影響,納稅人可以申請延期繳稅或是分期付款:

[ 資誠 (PwC) ]
Taxpayers (納稅人)
impacted by COVID-19 can apply with tax authorities (稅務機關) to defer tax payments (延期繳稅) or pay taxes due (繳交應納稅款) in installments (分期) regardless of amount of taxes due.

但就算爬完這麼多跟稅相關的文章,被外國朋友問到該怎麼報稅時,英文還是卡卡的,腦袋只記得「稅 = tax」。

這是因為,知名語言學家 Richard Schmidt 提出 Noticing Hypothesis 認為,如果沒有特別注意 (noticing) 要學習的東西,我們就算聽、讀再多的英文 (input),都沒有辦法「學到」(intake),更不用說要整理一番後 (restructure) 用得出來了 (output)。

In order to learn any aspect of the L2, learners need to notice the relevant material in the linguistic data afforded by the environment. (Schmidt, 1995)

因為我們在讀這些報稅相關的新聞時,大多的「注意力資源」都放在了解文章中的「內容」(meaning),沒有餘力注意到英語的「使用」(form / use),導致我們聽讀了很多內容,還是無法自然用對 tax 的單複數、搭配的動詞、形容詞等等如以下的用法:

  1. to collect taxes (徵稅)
  2. to pay taxes (繳稅)
  3. to avoid taxes (節稅)
  4. to evade taxes (逃漏稅)
  5. to defer tax payments (延期繳稅)
  6. owed taxes (應繳稅款)
  7. income taxes (所得稅)
  8. progressive taxes (累進稅)
  9. a tax cut (減稅)
  10. a taxpayer (納稅人)

但如果 “noticing” 或 “awareness” 那麼重要,老師在課堂上要怎麼樣協助學生呢?如果你想更了解學習英語的過程、想用科學方法輔助教學,歡迎一起來創勝文教的「英語師資培訓」課程。

最後,如果你 / 妳也喜歡這篇文章,幫英語腦 The English Mind 留下你 / 妳的掌聲
If you also like this article, feel free to add claps for us.

Think in English. See ya.

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胡嘉修
英語腦 THE ENGLISH MIND

創勝文教 Curriculum Developer|高中英文 家教老師|翻翻第二語言習得期刊文章,不定期在 Medium《英語腦 The English Mind》上分享