The Ghost in the Shell — Masamune Shirow

Most comic (and movie) buffs have heard of The Ghost in the Shell. Thus far, I had contented myself on just the animated movies (which are iconic in their own right). If you haven’t read the book but watched the movies, then you’re pretty well clued into the story. It doesn’t deviate from the book and I can only imagine the pains with which the screenplay for the animation was written since it does indeed put forth the philosophical aspects rather well.

The year is 2029. Cybernetic technology has successfully (to a large degree) moulded Man and Machine. Hands and legs can be easily replaced by more technically advanced limbs. Eyes can be replaced by electronic lenses that allow you to zoom or change visual medium (think Robocop). Even the brain can be downloaded and transferred to a human exoskeleton, called a Shell. With all human organs easily replicable, what’s left is the ‘Ghost’ of the person that existed earlier; call it a ‘consciousness’ if you will. This forms the basis for the title’s etymology.

The world is basically one large electronic network. And since one can actually plug in one’s brain to this ‘internet’, interpersonal communication can happen via thought without actually speaking. Of course, there’s the chance that if you let someone into your head, they may find stuff you don’t want them to — but this can be guarded against (like using firewalls on your computer). This is the background on which the story rests.

What hasn’t changed in the world is this: countries are still haggling with each other for economic profit and power.

The plot revolves around a special division of the paramilitary forces called Public Security Section 9 which deals with external threats to the country (in this case, Japan). They report only to the highest authorities and enjoy almost limitless freedom to take action as they see fit. The protagonists are all part of Section 9. The soldiers (in order of hierarchy) are Kusanagi a.k.a. the Major, Batou, Ishikawa, and Togusa. The unit is headed by Aramaki (who’s also referred to as ‘ape-face’ — with good reason). The unit also uses an ‘intelligent’ single-seater armored tanks called Fuchikoma and other state-of-the-art weaponry (including personal armour that can render you invisible).

The story starts with Section 9 being formed after a government-authorized assassination. After that, the team carries out a series of seemingly routine operations that include an orphanage where an inmate tries to run away, chasing down a bomber, a brutal mafia boss who’s trying to escape the country and dirty politicians. As the story progresses, they realize that the crimes are all somehow connected at the highest levels with a secret government project called the Puppet Master — a cyborg that claims to have a consciousness. That apart, there’s the interdepartmental rivalry, the team members’ personal lives and relationships, and the rapport they develop with one another in the course of their work. Enough, I suppose, to say that there’s something for everyone. But what sets the novel apart are Artwork, Technological detailing and Philosophy.

The Dark Horse Manga edition I bought is interspersed with full color spreads, as in the original collected format. There was an earlier edition which was less graphic and explicit. Needless to say, Masamune brings stories to life as few others can.

Reading the novel reminded me of Michael Crichton’s writing, which is full of scientific/technical explanations. Ghost in the Shell features writing between the frames which are small notes. They give bits of information that either clarify technology or describe what’s been drawn. For instance, when a nurse asks “Feel any pain around the brain, hon?” there’s a small note below the panel which says “The brain itself cannot feel pain”. There are quite a few pages that illustrate technology and how it works. In fact, most of the technology he speaks of actually exists.

But what makes it ‘cult’ is the philosophical discussion that emerges within. A sort of case against Cartesian Dualism. For instance, if the mind can be replicated, then what’s the definition of being human? How far can/should Man and Machine integrate? What part of us makes up our ‘identity’?

Reading the book won’t make you hate the movie in any way at all. It’ll give you scenes and insights into characters which weren’t included in the movie and add depth to what you would already know. And it’s definitely worth the read. Do try to get your hands on this one.