This article begins with an overview of bitcoin, how to buy bitcoin and how to manage risk. The remainder of the article focuses on understanding trading terminology and creating a bitcoin trading account on BTC.sx.
1. Introduction to Bitcoin
What is bitcoin?
Bitcoin is a digital currency that uses encryption, rules of mathematics and a decentralized network to control the creation of more bitcoins and verify transactions. Bitcoin was designed to operate as ‘digital gold’ — it resembles a commodity but can be used as a currency. Bitcoin can be traded for fiat currency, like dollars or pounds, creating opportunities to profit from trading price fluctuations.
Why is bitcoin so volatile?
Compared to the price of gold, the price of bitcoin has exhibited much larger price swings. Typically the price of gold will change by just a few percent each week, but bitcoin’s price often changes by 10% or more — even in a ‘flat’ market.
Volatility is generally considered a good thing by bitcoin traders because it creates opportunities to buy lower and sell higher than flat markets.
The primary reason why bitcoin is volatile is because it has a small market cap and low trading volume. Market cap is the number of units (bitcoin here) in circulation multiplied by the value (bitcoin price here).
For example, bitcoin has a market cap of about $4 billion vs $31 billion for the a gold ETF (GLD is the most popular American gold investment vehicle). Additionally, the daily average trading volume for bitcoin is about $12 million vs approximately $939 million for the gold ETF.
The result of this small market cap and low trading volume is that less trading less money is required to make a large difference in supply and demand.
For instance, if a trader wants to buy $3 million worth of bitcoin this represents 33% of the daily trading volume and would push the price up approximately 14%, at the time of writing. However, buying $3 million worth of the gold ETF is just 0.3% of the daily trading volume and is nothing compared to the hundreds of millions of trades that influence gold’s price.
Further information
The information we have provided about bitcoin is only the bare essentials a trader needs to know. If you are completely new to bitcoin, also consider exploring these external resources:
2. How to Manage Risk
Risk of buying bitcoin
As discussed above, bitcoin is an extremely volatile asset. Besides increasing in value, bitcoin’s price can also dramatically fall. When buying bitcoin, never invest more than you can afford to lose.
You cannot lose more than you put in, so don’t put in more than you can afford to lose and you’ll be all right, even in the most negative case. -Rpietila, Bitcoin and commodity investor
Risk of trading bitcoin
Furthermore, investing more than one can afford to lose reduces a trader’s ability to make good decisions. In particular, there is a risk of ‘panic selling’ when the market declines slightly. Instead of holding throughout a market dip, someone who is over-invested may panic and sell-off their holdings for a low price — attempting to cut their losses. This tends to lead to losing more money when the market recovers and the trader buys back at a higher price.
Simply, the best way to manage your risk is to not invest more than you can afford to lose. At BTC.sx, losses cannot exceed your deposit — so simply make sure this is a comfortable amount for you to trade with.
3. Understand Basic Bitcoin Trading Terminology
Trading
Trading is the act of buying, selling or exchanging one asset for another. Exchanging Bitcoin for US dollars, for instance, is trading.
Position
A position is similar a trade, which can either be long (buying bitcoin) or short (selling bitcoin). Like a trade you profit from a long/buy position when the price rises; and you profit from a short/sell position when the price falls.
Unlike a trade, a position has an open and close. At BTC.sx you begin by depositing bitcoin. Then you may acquire more bitcoin or US dollars by opening a position. When the position is closed you are left with just more or less bitcoin than the value deposited — this depends on how profitable your position was.
Trading platform
A trading platform, like BTC.sx, is a place where traders go to enter positions. Unlike an exchange, it is uncommon for to use platforms for exchanging one asset for another. Typically trading platforms also include more advanced features, such as leverage.
Leverage
Leverage is borrowing assets for the purposes of increasing potential trading returns. This is also known as margin trading.
Trading with 10x leverage on BTC.sx, allows you to deposit 1 bitcoin and trade with 10 bitcoins. When you are done trading (closing a position) you return the 10 bitcoin and keep any profits made.
For example, let’s say your trading has been going well and you are consistently making a 10% return each week. Trading with 1 bitcoin, your profit is 0.1 bitcoin. However, with 10 bitcoins your profit is 1 bitcoin — this is the power of leverage when used correctly.
Although leverage does also increase trading risk exposure, your losses can never exceed your deposit at BTC.sx. Furthermore, your risk of an exchange failure is reduced because you are trading with 9 bitcoins that belong to BTC.sx and only 1 bitcoin of your own.
Exchange
Unlike trading platforms, investors use exchanges to swap an asset for another. For example, Bitstamp allows investors to trade their local currency for Bitcoin, or vice versa. Exchanges are the main determinants of bitcoin’s price because they contain an order book.
At an exchange you can either be a market maker or a market taker.
Market maker
A market maker sets the price they wish to buy or sell at and waits for a market taker who agrees to that price.
Market taker
A market taker finds a market maker that is offering a desirable price and quantity then immediately trades with them.
Order book
An order book is a list investors wanting to buy and sell an asset at specified quantities and prices. These are the market makers. Below is an annotated explanation of a bitcoin exchange order book. Picture the order book as a very hectic auction and the concept should be easier to understand.
Sell orders: “Asks”
This part of the order book lists the prices and quantities investors wish to sell bitcoin at. Here the cheapest seller is offering 2.3467 bitcoin at a price of $244.58. As these investors are asking for a price to sell at, these are called asks.
Buy orders: “Bids”
This part of the order book lists the prices and quantities investors wish to buy bitcoin at. Here the most expensive buyer is willing to purchase 0.5 bitcoin at a price of $244.43. As these investors are bidding for a price to buy at, these are called bids.
Current bitcoin price
This is the last price at which bitcoin was exchanged for US dollars. Given that buyers will fulfill the cheapest ask, and sellers will fulfill the most expensive bid, the price will always fall between the the cheapest ask and most expensive bid.
In this example, the price is $244.39 — the same as the most expensive bid. This means that the last bitcoin trade was a market taker selling to a market maker. This is also a demonstration of a seller always wanting to sell to the highest bidder.
Order book depth
This depth graph visualizes the amount of asks and bids at various prices. The more bitcoins that are available at a price, the ‘deeper’ the graph is. Naturally, as sellers do not want to ask for cheap prices and buyers do not want to buy for expensive prices, the graph is normally shallow in the middle.
If the chart is one-sided, it suggests that the market may be feeling bullish or bearish. In the above example, a lot of investors want to sell at $245 which would make it difficult for the price to rise beyond that. Conversely, the shallow graph on the bid side shows not many people want to buy bitcoin at these prices. This is typical of a bearish market.
Order book execution
An important feature of BTC.sx is that the positions our users open/close make buys and sells on exchange order books. In practice, when our users click buy, US dollars is used to buy bitcoin from the order book bids. Conversely, when our users click sell, bitcoin is sold for US dollars from the order book asks.
Why is this important?
Firstly, when you trade on BTC.sx you do so with leverage. This means you can have a larger impact in the market and move the price in your favour. In the above example using just 1.3 bitcoin at 10x leverage would create buy 13 bitcoin from the asks. This helps drives the price up because now the cheapest ask is $244.61. If the market sees this as a bullish sign then others may follow, sparking a price rally.
Secondly, order book execution means that BTC.sx does not trade against our users. Trading platforms that do not offer this execution are acting as market makers and stand to profit from their traders losing money. At BTC.sx we want our traders to be profitable so they can keep trading.
4. How to Buy Bitcoin
As a bitcoin-only trading platform, BTC.sx only accepts bitcoin deposits. This allows you to begin trading in minutes and without verifying your identity.
If you do not yet own any bitcoin there are a number of places that bitcoin can be bought from, including:
Click here to see other ways to buy bitcoin in each region of the world.
To store your bitcoin you will also need a wallet, such as MultiBit or Blockchain.info.
5. Create an Account on BTC.sx
Once you have bitcoin, you are ready to start trading. Head over to BTC.sx to begin the registration process.
1. Click ‘Sign Up’
2. Enter your details and read and agree with the terms of service
3. Click on the email activation code
4. Login to your account
5. Visit trade screen
6. Send a deposit to BTC.sx
You are now one step away from being ready to trade bitcoin. All that is required is to send a deposit by following these instructions:
1. Click on ‘Deposit’ in the trading screen
2. Send bitcoin to your wallet address
If you do not know how to send bitcoin please contact your wallet provider for assistance.
Conclusion
You should now be in a position where you understand the basics of bitcoin, trading terminology and have an account on BTC.sx to begin trading.
In part 2 we will be covering fundamental analysis, the basics of technical analysis and how to make your first trade. Like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter for future updates.
