I think the meaningful distinction between behavioral outcomes and what we tend to score in an attempt to evaluate such programs gives light to the insights of the potential benefits of a delayed-gratification mindset.

Even so, in a standard cost-benefit analysis, it may be hard to justify a programs cost when the benefit is seemingly so dis-attached from the implementation of the program. Arguably, that same money may be better spent on an immediate gain for students, either behavioral or intellectual, that may scale exponentially throughout a student’s lifetime.

Cheers!