What is the difference between a hard link and a symbolic link?

A hard-link points to the files inode location. If you change the file or update the file, the hard-link will still point to the old inode location. A symbolic link points to the files name/location. If you change the file’s name or location, it will break the link. If you update the file, however, the symbolic link will still take you to the updated file. Hard-links can only exist within an environment, while symbolic links can span file-systems.

To make a hard link: ln [target] [location] 
Example: ln testFile testFile-hardlink

To make a symbolic link: ln -s [target] [location]
Example: ln -s testFile2 testFile2-symlink