Inductive vs Deductive approach

We need to build a model to represent specific behavior in the population. If we have sample of the population, then we can generate data and build a relation that outputs a model most probably this model is statistical model. We call this an Inductive approach.

But if we have a model and we are applying it over the sample to figure out if this model is suitable to represent the population then we call this a deductive approach. This model can be mathematical one.

Simulation model can be inductive or deductive. depends on the direction of building the model.
Is it from data to model? or from model to sample?