Substrate Monthly Ecosystem Technical Newsletter - October Issue
Substrate Monthly — Ecosystem Technical Newsletter, produced by OneBlock, summarizes the technical progress of the top projects in various areas in the Polkadot ecosystem each month to get the community updated on the status of the ecosystem. Areas include DeFi, infrastructure, smart contract, privacy, GameFi, etc. Items include critical technical submissions、modifications and releases, technical discussions, and references.
The following is the October issue. Enjoy~
「DeFi」
01. Acala Network
Acala is the decentralized financial hub of Polkadot that makes it fast and easy to use or build financial applications, improving trading efficiency and saving valuable time. The platform offers a suite of DeFi primitives including a stablecoin, DEX, and staking deritatives.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
Acala & Karura 2.10.0
This is a client release for Acala & Karura that upgrades Substrate/Polkadot/Cumulus version to v0.9.28 and updated bootnodes.
https://forum.polkadot.network/t/chopsticks-substrate-testing-client/878
New Substrate testing client
02. Bifrost
Bifrost is the Polkadot Ecological DeFi basic protocol. It is committed to becoming an infrastructure for staked assets to provide liquidity. Bifrost launched derivatives vToken for Staking and Polkadot Parachain Slot (Crowdloan). It has obtained $2.15M in fund-raising from NGC, SNZ, DFG, CMS and other institutions and Web3 Foundation Grant. It is also a member of Substrate Builders Program and Web3 Bootcamp.
vToken can optimize transactions in multiple scenarios such as DeFi, DApp, DEX, CEX, and realize the transfer channel of stake rights such as staking and Crowdloan through vToken, realize the risk hedging of stake assets, and expand scenarios such as vToken as collateral for lending, its staking reward part of the interest can be offset to achieve low-interest loans.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
- Remove transactional macro from runtime
- Remove sudo pallet from Bifrost-polkadot runtime, meanwhile add council members to take over the chain governance
- add docker-image to release.yml
- Fix a bug caused by removing transactional macro in the last release
- Upgraded vesting runtime pallet to add new functionalities
- Added vfil agent to SLP pallet to support FIL token staking
- Added Zenlink Stable AMM pallet to Bifrost-kusama runtime
- Refined integration tests, and updated benchmarking code for Asset Registry pallet
References
- Documentation: https://wiki.bifrost.finance/
- GitHub: https://github.com/bifrost-finance/bifrost
「Smart Contract」
03. Moonbeam Network
Moonbeam is a developer-oriented blockchain that strives to provide compatibility with the existing Ethereum developer toolchain and network. It does this by providing a full EVM implementation, a Web3-compatible API, and bridges that connect Moonbeam to existing Ethereum networks. This allows developers to deploy existing Solidity smart contracts and DApp frontends to Moonbeam with minimal changes.
Moonbeam will also be a parachain on the Polkadot network. That means it will get shared security from the Polkadot relay chain and will be able to integrate with other chains that are connected to Polkadot (once that functionality is available on Polkadot).
Moonbeam achieves these goals with the following key features:
- Decentralized and Permissionless, providing a base requirement for censorship resistance and support for many existing and future DApp use cases.
- Contains a Full EVM Implementation, enabling Solidity-based smart contracts to be migrated with minimal change and with expected execution results.
- Implements the Web3 RPC API so that existing DApp front-ends can be migrated with minimal change required, and so existing Ethereum-based tools, such as Truffle, Remix, and MetaMask, can be used without modification against Moonbeam.
- Compatible with the Substrate Ecosystem Toolset , including block explorers, front-end development libraries, and wallets, allowing developers and users to use the right tool for what they are trying to accomplish.
- Native Cross-Chain Integration via the Polkadot network and via token bridges, which allows for token movement, state visibility, and message passing with Ethereum and other chains.
- On-Chain Governance to allow stakeholders to quickly and forklessly evolve the base protocol according to developer and community needs.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
Released Moonbeam v0.27.1
This client solves an issue in block synchronization introduced in v0.27.0. Target: Collators and RPC
Released Runtime 1901
This runtime fixes a small bug preventing accessing some of the XC20 precompile methods
Changes: Adds missing ‘view’ modifiers in XC20 precompile (#1900)
Moonbeam v0.27.0
This current client version contains a database migration, which will happen at the first launch of this client. It will take between 5 and 10 minutes .
This database migration, once executed, cannot be reverted, so it is not possible to run Moonbeam client v0.26.1 after.
It is highly suggested to perform a snapshot before applying the new client.
This migration is not compatible with parity-db, it will require re-syncing from scratch.
Breaking changes: CLI parameters — keep-blocks and — pruning changed to become — block-pruning (default: all) and state-pruning (default: 256) ( paritytech/substrate#11934)
Runtime 1900
Breaking Changes: Pallet parachain_staking genesis has changed to better reflect storage items (#1798)
[Client/Tools] Weights are now a struct instead of a u64 (paritytech/substrate#12138)
[Client/Tools] pays_fee is now properly recorded and reflected in APIs. Some extrinsics (including Ethereum txns) and inherents will now correctly report pays_fee: No whereas they incorrectly reported Yes previously. (paritytech/substrate#11849)
[XCM] Instruction weights has been changed in moonbase alpha (only).
parachainStaking.delegate is being deprecated in favor of delegateWithAutoCompound
parachainStaking. AtStake storage item structure has changed (see #1828)
Technical Solutions Discussion
Way the calls in pallet-parachain-staking need the count? #1917
Update substrate/polkadot from v0.9.29 to v0.9.30 #1874
References
- Documentation: https://docs.moonbeam.network/cn/
- GitHub: https://moonbeam.network/
「Storage」
04. Crust Network
Crust Network is essentially an IPFS incentive layer protocol and a substrate-based blockchain that builds a decentralized storage network of Web3.0 ecosystem. It is designed to build a decentralized cloud ecosystem that values data privacy and ownership.Crust Network is essentially an IPFS incentive layer protocol and a substrate-based blockchain that builds a decentralized storage network of Web3.0 ecosystem. Funded by DCF (Decentralized Cloud Foundation), it is designed to build a decentralized cloud ecosystem that values data privacy and ownership. The Crust mainnet was launched on September 1, 2021, and now has 7000+IPFS nodes and 2000+Pb storage capacity.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
- Mainnet: Stable running for 1 year and 2 months, 1800 nodes in the entire network, capacity 764PB, currently stored 1.4M valid files, total valid file size reaches 24.7PB;
- Mainnet: Remove Sudo and complete the democratization of various functions of the chain
- Mainnet: upgrade xStorage, compatible with version 0.9.24
- Mainnet: Reduce the parameters of the democracy module
- Mainnet: Start adapting to the latest version of substrate and upgrade to metadata 14
- Application: Crust Files supports Aptos Petra wallet login
- Application: Crust Files supports Aptos Martian Wallet login
- Application: Crust Files fix Web3 Wallets pop-up style error
- Application: Crust Files adds Web3Auth login, supports Google/Facebook/Twitter/Discord/Wechat and other Web2 login methods
- Application: Added Crust Shadow Wiki and Archive Crust Maxwell network. For details, see: https://wiki-shadow.crust.network
- Development: IPFS W3Auth Gateway adds a new login authentication method for Web3Auth
- Development: IPFS W3Auth Pinning Service added a new login authentication method for Web3Auth
- Ecology: Crust Network is included in dStorage protocols by Shardeum. For details, see: https://docs.shardeum.org/storage/crust
References
Docs: https://github.com/crustio
05. CESS
Cumulus Encrypted Storage System (CESS) is a high-speed, secure, and scalable decentralized cloud storage network developed with Substrate. It aims to become the first decentralized storage project that offers full data services for large scale commercial applications. The entire network consists of three main modules: blockchain layer, data storage and content distribution layer, and application layer. CESS’s novel Random Rotational Selection (R²S) Consensus Mechanism coordinates the network resources and network load and guarantees data security through mechanisms such as Proof of Data Reduplication and Recovery (PoDR²). In addition, the Multi-format Data Rights Confirmation (MDRC) mechanism and decentralized proxy re-encryption to ensure data integrity, security, traceability and privacy.
Important Technological Deliveries
Blockchain Network: Released blockchain network v0.5.2. The development details are as follows:
CESS Node [v0.5.2]
- Adjusted the way storage miners access the network, and would be connected as a blockchain node in a P2P mode.
- Enriched the status information of the scheduler program, and added the record and display of the proof speed of idle data segments
- Optimized the verification process of the proof-of-storage mechanism, and the verifier can now obtain all the information required for the verification directly from the chain
- Update the credit score system of the R²S consensus mechanism, reduced the weight of previous contributions, and encouraged the joining of new consensus nodes.
- Fixed a series of bug fixes and optimized code, see Github for details: link.
Distributed Storage System:
Released Bucket v0.5.3 and the scheduler v0.5.2. The development details are as follows:
Bucket [v0.5.3]
· Upgraded the file storage and download functions to speed up file downloads.
· Bug fixed: program error due to transaction failure during registration.
· Bug fixed: The storage miner’s income address is set to the staking address by default when registering
Scheduler [v0.5.2]
· Project structure upgrade, improved system stability and availability, and reduced resource usage.
· Upgraded file routing function to speed up file storage.
· Increased unit test cases to reduce the chance of system errors.
· Upgraded the proof-of-space function to allocate resources more reasonably.
CESS Gateway:
Released Gateway [v0.2.1]
- Upgraded file upload and download functions to speed up file downloads
- Bug fixed: failed to upload file metadata due to version update and interface modification.
- Bug fixed: Files did not get stored for a long time when uploading files.
Technical Solution Discussion
- Completed the development of milestone 1 of W3F Grants “Substats — Universal Lightweight Block Browser Framework.”
- Updated R2S consensus mechanism introduction and code explanation.
- Confirmation of the 0.6.0 design.
- Confirmation of the object storage function design.
References
GitHub: http://github.com/CESSProject
「Infrastructure」
06.Deeper Network
Deeper Network is committed to building a truly decentralized Internet and security gateway. It aims to bring a better Internet experience for every family and become the gateway for users to Web 3.0 applications. Deeper’s vision is to combine network security, network sharing, and blockchain technology to create a safer, freer, and faster decentralized network.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
- Update Deeper-chain/Deeper-frontier dependencies to polkadot-v0.9.29;
https://github.com/deeper-chain/deeper-chain/pull/335
- U-standard pledge to improve its new user pledge logic;
https://github.com/deeper-chain/deeper-chain/pull/333
- Validator pledge and release deposit process optimization;
https://github.com/deeper-chain/deeper-chain/pull/337
- Optimize the WASM runtime upgrade logic;
https://github.com/deeper-chain/deeper-chain/pull/342
- DEP4 & DEP5 version update;
https://github.com/atomos-dev/web3
- DEP4: Provide feedback page and its back-end processing interface;
- DEP5: Provide DAPP Stores page, provide tank battle game based on DEP contract application;
Technical Solution Discussion
- Developer application contract and rendering configuration design;
- Design and analysis of NPoW revenue mechanism;
- Discussion and analysis of Validators node deployment plan;
References
- https://github.com/deeper-chain/deeper-chain
- https://deeper-network-inc.gitbook.io/deeper-connect-knowledge-base/
- https://doc.deepernetwork.org/
07. OAK Network
OAK (On-chain Autonomous Kernel) Network is a blockchain automation hub for DeFi and payments built on Parity Substrate with a first of it’s kind event-driven execution model. This model enables transactions to be triggered by event signals such as time, price, and smart contract state changes. Importantly, this differs from traditional architectures utilized by Ethereum, Bitcoin, and other popular chains where multiple transactions require repeated private key signing. With this novel design, OAK can empower any connected blockchain with autonomous functionality unleashing endless potential for our partners.
By offering on-chain automation not possible today such as advanced order execution for AMM DEXs and recurring payments, we aim to be a top tier utility solution across protocols.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
- Reconciled OAK crowdloan contribution data from OAK, Bifrost and Parallel websites and published Check Reward page(https://oak.tech/oak/check-reward/)
- Fixed a problem where Bifrost users didn’t receive the correct Turing Bonus crowdloan reward.
- Auto-compound XCM integration with MangataX DEX entered the testing stage! This will be the first XCM functional call use case in the Kusama ecosystem.
- Created a dev Docker image with sudo and dev-queue features enabled for developers to easily test OAK blockchain.
- Updated oak.js Javascript SDK(Github repo) to include the latest Dynamic Dispatch demo and tests.
References
- Developer Documentation: https://docs.oak.tech/docs/developer-guide-overview/
- Github: https://github.com/OAK-Foundation/
- Dynamic Dispatch Migration guide can be found here: https://github.com/OAK-Foundation/OAK-blockchain/wiki/Migrating-to-Dynamic-Dispatch
08. Darwinia Network
Darwinia Network is a cross-chain messaging infrastructure, which provides a light client-based, programmable, universal cross-chain messaging network for decentralized applications. Now, we’ve successfully used Darwinia’s light-client cross-chain messaging protocol(LCMP) to bridge cross-chain messages between substrate-based chains, and even between substrate-based chains and EVM chains, meanwhile, Darwinia provides developers with an SDK, so they can easily integrate cross-chain capabilities into their Dapps. This will have profound implications for cross-chain interoperability, and Darwinia as a cross-chain messaging infrastructure will facilitate the building of a hybrid cross-chain network for Polkadot.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
- Fix lock collateral issue in the fee market. GitHub
- Update fee market slash rule. GitHub
- LCMP-XCMP message router. GitHub
- Message router supported Astar and Moonbeam.
- Open Darwinia Parachain <> Moonbeam HRMP channels.
- Open Darwinia Parachain <> Parallel HRMP channels.
- Open Darwinia Parachain <> Bifrost HRMP channels.
- Open Darwinia Parachain <> Phala HRMP channels.
References
- Docs: https://docs.darwinia.network/
- Github: https://github.com/darwinia-network
- Darwinia Genepaper: https://darwinia.network/#/papers/1
- Docs: https://docs.darwinia.network/
- Darwinia Optimistic Bridge — Sublinear Relay For Interoperable Blockchains: https://darwinia.network/#/papers/2
「Privacy」
09. Phala Network
Phala Network is a Web3.0 computing cloud that supports data privacy while remaining trustless. Unlike centralized cloud service, Phala doesn’t own any server or data center. Anyone can provide permissionless servers into Phala Network, and because of a clever combination of blockchain and trusted execution environments (TEE), we can make sure the servers can’t be evil even when they are in an edge network situation. Together, this creates the infrastructure for a powerful, secure, and scalable trustless computing cloud.
Important Technological Improvement and Advances
1.Phat Contract
- Transaction tokenomic design
- Tokenomic UI design
- Public Testnet upgraded
2. Chain
- Support multi remote attestation provider
https://github.com/Phala-Network/phala-blockchain/pull/768
- Mining renaming merged
https://github.com/Phala-Network/phala-blockchain/pull/1001
3. APP
- SubSquid based App in closed beta
- StakePoolv2 database design finished
4. Khala
Khala runtime upgrade to v1183: add events for app indexing
5.Computing Power Supply
SGX DCAP productionalize
References
About OneBlock+
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