Network Reference Model|OSI&TCP/IP
there are two reference model such as OSI & TCP/IP
Basically if sender send data to receiver that will inject into network ,so if send a data ,to do this some hardware and software need to work together.
There are some layers in reference model, in each layer data will go as varies methods. also in each layer data get new names. in this section we will study about those kinds of things.
first of all OSI Model.. OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection which is conceptual model . there are 7 layers. every layers are shows how data transmits from sender to receiver. this is protocol independent standard.
07.Application Layer
06.Presentation Layer
05.Session Layer
04.Transport Layer
03.Network Layer
02.Data link Layer
01.Physical Layer
those 07, 06, 05 layers are called software Layers.
remaining 04, 03, 02, 01 layers are called hardware layers.
the names given for data in each section ,that is called PDU’s (Protocol Data Unit)
PDU’s
Transport layer:Packets
Network layer:Segments
Data link layer:Frames
Physical layer:Bit
each layer works their respective works
07.Application layer: Providing Interface to user
06.Presentation Layer:Responsible for defining a standard format for the data it deals with data presentation for example, encoding:decoding ,encryption:decryption, compression:Decompression
05.Session layer: it is responsible for establishing, maintaining and terminating the session
04.Transport layer:Responsible for end-to-end transportation of data between the application
03.Network layer:Its responsible for end-to-end transportation of data across multiple networks.
Logical addressing and path determination (routing) are described at this layer.
The protocols work at network layers are,Routed protocols and Routing Protocols.
02.Data link layer: it is responsible for end-to-end delivery of data between the devices on LAN network segment
01.Physical layer: it deals with the physical transmission of binary data on the given media(ex: copper, fiber, wireless)
Next TCP/IP .
TCP - Stands for Transmission Control Protocol
IP- Stands for Internet Protocol
in this scenario TCP/IP has 4 architectural layers
Protocol dependented standard
01.Application
02.Transport layer
03.Network layer
04.Physical layer
