Nanofibers: The Key To Modern Medicine!
Since ancient times the field of medicine has always used various forms of fibres as protective medical apparel. The application of these fibres has gone through a sea of change with the technology outburst. Nowadays these are used not just as medical apparel but their applications include being used as filters, surgical dressings and implants.
Most recent of the evolvement in the medical history is the nanofiber. These tiny fibres are synthesised using various spinning mechanisms. Their diameters are less than 10 angstrom metres but their length could be as large as 100 angstrom meters. It is seen that Nanofibers are extensively used in healthcare due to their many favourable properties.
These fibres are spun from biodegradable polymers that allow various additives to be added on to the fibres. This increases the possibility of diversifying the area of applications. The structure and size of these fibres are close to human cell dimensions. The control of size and structure of fibre is possible. Thus it is ideal for usage in Tissue Engineering Research.
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The membranous form of the fibre when created from biopolymers is best used as drug carriers. Drug carriers play the role of transporting the drugs to a specific location. These are very useful for drugs with poor solubility.
Fibres when produced from biopolymers such as chitosan, gelatine etc. aid in wound healing process when used as wound dressing. For infected wounds, antibacterial material drugs can be added to the fibre framework. Rate of healing can be increased by adding growth factor and other materials.
Biopolymers such as collagen, polylactic acid and so on, are used for making these fibres, act as wonderful medium for growing cells. Fibril with relevant mechanical and skeletal properties, make it possible to prepare scaffolds suitable for implanting different types of tissue cells. Thus is most extensively used in the Tissue Engineering Research.
Barrier textiles used for providing insulation for microorganism penetration are designed using these fibres. Fibre layers with hydrophobic properties are used in this application for providing an effective barrier and preventing further infection.