各國最新AI法規制定進程
新聞來源：Reuters｜Factbox: Governments race to regulate AI tools
日期：2023/06/06
本文概要
各國政府與政府間國際組織皆認為AI發展應受到法律的約束，而法規的制定正處於諮詢、擬定或違法情形調查等階段。
本文章節（點擊可跳轉）
- CHINA 中國：Planning regulations 法規擬定
- JAPAN 日本：Investigating possible breaches 違法情形調查
- U.S. 美國：Seeking input on regulations 法規諮詢
- BRITAIN 英國：Planning regulations 法規擬定
- EUROPEAN UNION 歐盟：Planning regulations 法規擬定
- G7 七大工業國組織：Seeking input on regulations 法規諮詢
1. CHINA 中國
Planning regulations 法規擬定
The Chinese government will seek to initiate AI regulations in its country, billionaire Elon Musk said on June 5 after meeting with officials during his recent trip to China.
億萬富翁伊隆．馬斯克（Elon Musk）在6月5日與中國官員會面後表示，中國政府將在國內實行管控AI的法規。
China’s cyberspace regulator in April unveiled draft measures to manage generative AI services, saying it wanted firms to submit security assessments to authorities before they launch offerings to the public.
中國網路監管機構於4月公佈了生成式AI的規管措施草案，期望企業在產品上架之前向當局提交安全評估。
2. JAPAN 日本
Investigating possible breaches 違法情形調查
Japan’s privacy watchdog said on June 2 it has warned OpenAI not to collect sensitive data without people’s permission and to minimise the sensitive data it collects, adding it may take further action if it has more concerns.
日本隱私監管機構於6月2日表示，已警告OpenAI在未經許可的情況下不能收集大眾的敏感數據，且應最小化敏感數據的蒐集，而未來如有其他顧慮，也將採取進一步行動。
3. U.S. 美國
Seeking input on regulations 法規諮詢
The U.S. Federal Trade Commission’s chief said on May 3 the agency was committed to using existing laws to keep in check some of the dangers of AI, such as enhancing the power of dominant firms and “turbocharging” fraud.
美國聯邦貿易委員會（Federal Trade Commission）主席5月3日表示，該機構致力於以現有法律來管制AI的危害，而這些危害包含主要企業的權力提升，以及加速詐騙。
Senator Michael Bennet introduced a bill in April that would create a task force to look at U.S. policies on AI, and identify how best to reduce threats to privacy, civil liberties and due process.
參議員邁克爾．班納特（Michael Bennet）4月份提出了一項法案，要求成立特別小組研究美國的AI政策，以了解如何減低對隱私、公民自由和正當法律程序的威脅。
The Biden administration earlier in April said it was seeking public comments on potential accountability measures for AI systems.
4月初拜登政府表示，正在尋求大眾對於AI系統問責措施的意見。
4. BRITAIN 英國
Planning regulations 法規擬定
The Financial Conduct Authority, one of several state regulators that has been tasked with drawing up new guidelines covering AI, is consulting with the Alan Turing Institute and other legal and academic institutions to improve its understanding of the technology, a spokesperson told Reuters.
金融行為監理總署（The Financial Conduct Authority）發言人向路透社透露，該組織為負責起草AI指導方針的國家監管機構之一，正在諮詢艾倫圖靈研究所（the Alan Turing Institute）及其他法律和學術機構，以推進對技術的認識。
Britain’s competition regulator said on May 4 it would start examining the impact of AI on consumers, businesses and the economy and whether new controls were needed.
英國競爭監管機構5月4日表示，將開始審查AI對消費者、企業和經濟的影響，確認是否需要新的管控措施。
Britain said in March it planned to split responsibility for governing AI between its regulators for human rights, health and safety, and competition, rather than creating a new body.
英國在3月時表示不會設立專責機構，而是計畫在其人權、健康和安全以及競爭的監管機構中增加管制AI的業務。
5. EUROPEAN UNION 歐盟
Planning regulations 法規擬定
The U.S. and EU should push the AI industry to adopt a voluntary code of conduct within months to provide safeguards while new laws are developed, EU tech chief Margrethe Vestager said on May 31. Vestager said she believed a draft could be drawn up “within the next weeks”, with a final proposal for industry to sign up “very, very soon”.
歐盟科技事務負責人瑪格瑞特．維斯塔格（Margrethe Vestager）於5月31日表示，在擬定新法規之時，美國和歐盟應在數月之內，針對AI產業採取自我監管的形式以提供保障。她相信規章可以在未來幾週內起草，並提議讓產業盡速簽署。
Key EU lawmakers on May 11 agreed on tougher draft rules to rein in generative AI and proposed a ban on facial surveillance. The European Parliament will vote on the draft of the EU’s AI Act in June.
5月11日，歐盟主要立法者就更嚴苛的法規草案達成共識，以約束生成式AI，並提議禁止臉部監控。而歐洲議會將於6月進行AI法規草案的投票。
The European Consumer Organisation (BEUC) has joined in the concern about ChatGPT and other AI chatbots, calling on EU consumer protection agencies to investigate the technology and the potential harm to individuals.
歐洲消費者聯盟（The European Consumer Organisation, BEUC）也表示其對於ChatGPT和其他AI聊天機器人的擔憂，呼籲歐盟消費者保護機構調查該技術及其對個人的潛在危害。
6. G7 七大工業國組織
Seeking input on regulations 法規諮詢
Group of Seven leaders meeting in Hiroshima, Japan, acknowledged on May 20 the need for governance of AI and immersive technologies and agreed to have ministers discuss the technology as the “Hiroshima AI process” and report results by the end of 2023.
G7領導人5月20日在日本廣島舉行會議時，承認AI和沈浸式科技應受到規範，並發起「廣島AI進程」計畫，指派部長針對科技進行討論，並在年底前報告結果。
G7 nations should adopt “risk-based” regulation on AI, G7 digital ministers said after a meeting in April in Japan.
4月時，G7數位部長於一場在日本舉辦的會議後表示，G7的成員國應對AI採取「基於風險」的監管。
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