TypeScript Tutorial

Introduction to TypeScript:

TypeScript is a statically-typed, object-oriented programming language that builds on JavaScript. It adds features such as type annotations and interfaces to enhance code quality and maintainability.

Setting up the Environment:

To start using TypeScript, you’ll need to install it on your computer. You can do this by using npm (Node Package Manager). Once you have npm installed, you can run the following command to install TypeScript:

npm install -g typescript

Creating your first TypeScript file:

Create a new .ts file and add the following code:

let message: string = "Hello, TypeScript!";
console.log(message);

Compiling TypeScript to JavaScript:

To run the TypeScript code, you’ll need to compile it to JavaScript using the following command:

tsc filename.ts

Types:

TypeScript supports several data types, including string, number, boolean, and any. You can specify the type of a variable by adding a colon followed by the type after the variable name.

Interfaces:

Interfaces are a way to define the structure of an object in TypeScript. You can use interfaces to define the expected shape of an object. For example:

interface Person {
  name: string;
  age: number;
}

Classes:

TypeScript also supports classes, which are a way to define complex objects with properties and methods. For example:

class Student {
  name: string;
  constructor(name: string) {
    this.name = name;
  }
}

Conclusion:

TypeScript is a powerful tool for improving the quality and maintainability of your code. With its static typing and advanced features, TypeScript can help you write better and more robust code.