Rust 101: Conditional Statements

In the previous article, we discussed about collections in rust. Now let’s dive into Conditional statements.

TL;DR

• Relational operators
• If
• If-Else
• Switch

First, let’s start off by creating a new project called “Conditions” using the following command

cargo new Conditions --bin

Relational operators

Relational operators in rust are similar to most of the other programming languages out there.

Here is the list of relational operators

• a<b — ‘a’ is greater than ‘b’
• a>b — ‘a’ is less than ‘b’
• a>=b — ‘a’ is greater than or equal to ‘b’
• a<=b — ‘a’ is less than or equal to ‘b’
• a==b — ‘a’ is equal to ‘b’
• a!=b — ‘a’ is not equal to ‘b’
• || — OR
• && — AND

If statements

The easiest and the most basic of the conditional statements in rust. It is syntactically very similar to other languages

Here is the syntax

if <condition> {
   <statements>
}

Sample code

If-Else statement

If-Else helps in checking multiple conditions. It is syntactically very similar to other languages.

Here is the syntax

if <condition> {
   <statements>
}
else if <condition>{
   <statements>
}
else{
   <statements>
}

Sample code

Shorthand notation

Rust allows you to store the result of an If-Else statement in a variable

Here is the syntax

let <var name> = if <condition>{ true };else{ false }

Sample code

The output of this code will be

Is Of Age: true

Switch statement

Switch in rust is called match. Match statements are used quite often in rust and 3rd party libraries. We have used “Match” before while accessing value in a HashMaps as discussed in the previous article on “Collections”. We will be seeing more of match in the upcoming articles as well.

Here is the syntax

match <var name>{
  <value1> => <statement>,
  <value2> | <value2> => <statement>, //OR operator
  _ => <statement>,
}

• “_” is used as the “default” condition for the switch statement.
• OR condition can be used instead of a value with “|”. Note it is a “|” and not “||” like the once used in If statements.
• “…” can be used to represent range.

Sample code

In the next article, we will discuss about functions.

link to the next article

Rust 101: Functions

Link to the previous article

Rust 101: Loops