Understanding the Interplay Between Gambling and Other Addictions: Insights and Prevention Strategies

In the realm of addiction prevention, it’s crucial to understand the parallels between gambling addiction and other addictive behaviors. Common across all addictions is the inability to control certain harmful behaviors, manifesting as persistent thoughts about the behavior, an inability to find pleasure elsewhere, and symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, and significant mood swings. These issues lead to decreased self-control and a reduced quality of life. A pivotal question arises: Are the roots of specific addictions unique, or are they broadly similar?

The Origin of Addictions and Its Impact on Prevention Strategies

The origins of addictive behaviors are central to developing effective prevention strategies. In Lithuania, the prevalent view suggests no fundamental difference between irresponsible gamblers and those with other addictions; they are equally likely to engage in tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and other psychoactive substances. Consequently, gamblers are regulated by the Ministry of Finance rather than a health-focused institution, leading to limited gambling addiction treatment coverage.

Alternatively, some believe that dependencies like gambling are part of a broader issue of behavioral self-control. Research supports this view, indicating that gamblers often have co-occurring disorders and are prone to poor decision-making and ignoring risk (Lorains et al., 2017). For instance, studies have shown that heavy drinkers are more likely to gamble irresponsibly (Atkinson, 2019). In California, problem gamblers frequently use tranquilizers and illicit drugs, which exacerbates their gambling issues (Volberg, Nysse-Carris & Gerstein, 2006).

Guiding Principles from WHO

The World Health Organization’s definition of health as a “state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being” suggests that true well-being is incompatible with addiction. This perspective is crucial when addressing addiction.

Insights from Local Surveys

A survey of residents in Lithuania revealed diverse health and lifestyle patterns. While over half reported good to excellent health, a significant number reported average to poor health statuses. Interestingly, non-smokers constituted the majority, with recent alcohol and psychoactive substance use reported by a smaller fraction. Notably, gambling expenditures correlated with higher incidences of smoking, alcohol, and drug use, underscoring the interconnected nature of these behaviors.

The data suggests a significant link between gambling and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and psychoactive substances. Gamblers are more likely to engage in these behaviors compared to non-gamblers.

Concluding Thoughts

These findings highlight the need for integrated addiction prevention measures that address multiple behaviors simultaneously. By understanding the broader tendencies towards lack of self-control that underpin various addictions, we can develop more comprehensive and effective prevention strategies. The challenge is not only to treat the symptoms but also to address the underlying issues that lead to addictive behaviors.