How to Rig a VTuber Model in Live2D: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction
Starting your own Vtube channel is an incredibly fun and complex process that brings your virtual character to life. Rigging is one of the most crucial steps when creating the model, as it’s the step that lets it move and express itself naturally, based on your inputs. This guide will walk you through the process of rigging a VTuber model using Live2D software, from preparing your artwork to exporting your model and recording in OBS.
Preparing Your Artwork
The first step in rigging a VTuber model is to prepare your character design with separate layers for each part that needs to be able to move. This part is done in Photoshop or any similar software that lets you save the file in PSD format, such as Affinity Photo, GIMP, Pixlr X, and so on. Each part of the character that will need to move independently, such as the eyes, mouth, and hair, should be on its own layer. This allows for more precise control during the rigging process. Ensure that your PSD file is organized and that all layers are correctly named to avoid confusion later on.
Importing into Live2D
This next step is what sets the the foundation for the rigging process. Once your artwork is prepared, open Live2D and import the PSD file. Use the highest resolution option available when importing to maintain the best quality for your model. All details of your model are preserved when importing in high-resolution, which means an overall better set of animations.
Generating the Mesh
Now to create the mesh, which is a web of interconnected points that will be manipulated to create the animations. You can make the mesh manually, but it may be best to generate a mesh using the default preset built into Live2D. The overall quality of the mesh will directly impact the quality and fluidity of the model’s animations. Take your time with this step to make sure it’s done properly.
Creating the Texture
The next step is to create the textures, which will help keep your model looking great during any animations. It essentially helps keep the visual integrity of your model when recording animations. It is also referred to as a texture atlas. Create a texture in Live2D that matches the dimensions of the PSD file you imported earlier. In the free version, the maximum texture size will be 2048 x 2048 pixels. Also add a 30-pixel margin around the texture. This is to prevent errors during the animation, such as artifacts from appearing.
Setting Up Deformers
Deformers are tools in Live2D that allow you to specify how each part of your model will move. Create a hierarchy of deformers for different body parts, starting with larger movements like head rotation and then working down to smaller details. This hierarchical structure enables more natural and cohesive movements. For instance, you can create a deformer for the head, and within that, create smaller deformers for the eyes, mouth, and other facial features.
Rigging the Face
The most important part in rigging a Vtuber model is the face and facial expressions, as that will be the focus of attention for your audience. Facial rigging is what conveys your emotions, which ultimately makes you and your model more relatable. Put special attention on the eyes, eyebrows, and mouth, and don’t be afraid to spend more time on the finer details such as any other accessories or parts that help translate dynamic expressions. Create parameters for each movement, such as eye blinking and eyebrow raising. These parameters allow you to control the expressions and movements of your model’s face precisely.
Adding Body Movements
After the face, your focus should be on other body movements, where applicable. This will typically include mostly just the arms and shoulders, but it will mostly depend on whether you have a full-body or upper body model. To rig the body, create deformers for each joint and part. Consider how different parts will interact with each other so that your animations look more natural.
Implementing Physics
Adding a layer of physics is like the cherry on top of the cake. It’s what enhances your model to have a more realistic look and feel, based on your direct inputs and movements. Live2D has a buit-in physics tool, which allows you to do more detailed things like add motion to your hair and accessories, and create more natural sways and transitions between animations.
Testing and Refinement
After all your hard work, it’s time to make sure that the rig is functioning properly and as intended. Test your deformers and parameters continuously and in different poses and movements. Make adjustments where needed, and remember that testing is an ongoing process as your model and your skills develop further. This is the real step that creates that final, polished feel to your model.
Exporting from Live2D
After you are satisfied with your rig, export your model from Live2D. Go to File > Export Embedded File > Export as MOC3 file. Configure the export settings in the dialog box and edit the texture atlas before exporting. The exported files should include .moc3 (model data), .png (texture files), .model3.json (model information), .physics3.json (physics data), .motionsync3.json (motion sync data), .userdata3.json (user data), and .cdi3.json (parameter and part information). These files are essential for importing your model into VTubing software.
Importing into VTube Studio
To use your rigged model in VTube Studio, open the software and go to “Load Model” or “Import Model.” Select your .moc3 file and associated files. Configure the model settings in VTube Studio, including tracking parameters and camera settings. This step integrates your model into the VTubing setup, making it ready for real-time interaction and streaming.
Recording Your VTuber Self in OBS
To record your VTuber model in OBS, first, ensure that your model is loaded and working correctly in VTube Studio. Configure your webcam for face tracking and adjust the background, lighting, and other visual settings for optimal performance.
Open OBS Studio and add a new source by going to Sources > Add > Game Capture or Window Capture. Select VTube Studio as the capture target. Configure the resolution and frame rate settings in OBS for the best quality output. Set up your audio sources, including your microphone and system audio, to ensure that all sound is captured accurately.
Consider adding additional elements to your OBS setup, such as overlays, alerts, or other streaming elements, to enhance your recording or streaming experience. Before going live, do a test recording to ensure that everything is working correctly. Check the audio levels and video quality to make any necessary adjustments.
When you’re ready, use the “Start Recording” or “Start Streaming” button in OBS to begin your VTubing session. Remember to test your setup thoroughly and adjust your model in VTube Studio and your OBS settings as needed for the best performance.
Conclusion
Rigging a VTuber model in Live2D is a detailed process that involves careful preparation, precise control setup, and thorough testing. By following this guide, you can create a robust and flexible rig that brings your virtual character to life. With practice and patience, you’ll be able to refine your techniques and produce high-quality animations that make your VTuber persona engaging and expressive. Dive into the world of rigging with enthusiasm, and soon you’ll see your VTuber model moving and expressing itself just as you imagined.
