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The genome is similar to yarn spooled and re-spooled to have efficient packing — if stretched out, a human genome would measure over 6 feet. Over the last century, the rules of genetics have been established along with characterization of the central dogma. Driven by new tools, the higher-order regulation (i.e. epigenetic) and spatial organization of the genome (3D genome; image below showing the levels of genomic complexity) is being characterized. As the research improves, parts of the 3D genome are becoming attractive therapeutic targets. The significance of the 3D genome will likely improve because the structure of the genome often determines its function.
Source: Nature
Interesting companies in the field are Foghorn, Cambridge Epigenetix, Gotham, Argonaut, and Constellation. There are also several liquid biopsy companies using epigenetic markers to improve their diagnostic capability. However, the field is still early with many discoveries to be made and form the basis of new companies. The top research labs making these discoveries are the Kleckner Lab and Dekker Lab who invented the…
