WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE?

6 min readAug 25, 2022

ABSTRACT:

The notion of a modern computer that was revealed by the U.S army in 1946 has progressed imprescriptibly and has become an indispensable part of the present day. The importance and relevancy given to artificial intelligence have improved these days when the high level of interactions between humans and machines occur. In this article, the concept of artificial intelligence will be evaluated based on its emergence and importance in the present day.

INTRODUCTION:

When we were children, huge parts of us tried to make our toys speak with our voices and treated them like living things. This is a small proof of the desire of humans to transfer the features of living things to inanimate things. As a consequence of the situation, we can notice that there is a huge interest in AI in the brain of humans. AI is one of the concepts where science and technology are used together.

The notion of AI whose main purpose is to reduce the workforce by producing smart machines that can perform human-like duties is used in many different fields including computers, mechatronics, electronics, control, mechanical engineering, etc.

1. WHAT IS THE CONCEPT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:

Artificial intelligence technology means producing systems that can predict, decide, set rules, and develop and correct these rules logically without the requirement of machine learning. To add another definition, the system that aims at transferring the features of livings things; such as movement, speech, image, or sound detection; to machines is based on software and hardware. Working of the human brain using numbers and symbols shows similarity to the use of complex mathematics in the formation of AI. It is essentially divided into two parts which are machine learning and deep learning. In the below section, the concepts of machine learning and deep learning will be briefly mentioned.

1.1) Machine Learning:

Machine learning can be defined as algorithms based on data types perceived by computers. We owe our fertile and hassle-free time to machine learning algorithms with examples such as interaction ATMs, online shopping, traffic volume, applications of setting courses, and social media, etc.

1.2) Deep Learning:

Deep learning which is known as a machine learning system built on artificial neural networks consists of confidential layers with variable numbers of inputs and outputs. In addition to this definition, we can say for the definition of deep learning has properties of understanding, analyzing and making decisions like human brains.

1. Figure: According to Proente automatization

We can visualize the hierarchy between artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning based on the aforementioned figure.

2. OCCURRENCE OF THE NOTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:

The emergence steps of the artificial intelligence mindset date back many years. The formation, development, and application process of that notion are indicated in the following steps.

In 1666, mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Leibniz asserted that the human brain was in an alphabet structure and thoughts are actually made up of simple combinations. After a short time, he published these ideas in his book known as Dissertatio de Arte Combinatoria.
Thomas Bayes (1763) and George Boole (1854) defended their opinions pursuant to the probability of events and logical reasoning.
The first opinion of radio-controlled ships in the world was propounded by Nikola Tesla in 1898.
The first concept of the robot which means work in Czech was used by Czech writer Karel Čapek in 1921.
The first robot “Gakutensoku” which had the features of changing facial expressions and moving head and hands with an air pressure mechanism was designed by Makoto Nishimura in Japan in 1929.
Alan Mathison Turing mentioned the notion of artificial intelligence with the question “Can machines think? ” firstly.
The notion of artificial intelligence was officially introduced when John McCarty was producing devices for topics like crypto analysis and message decryption in 1956.
Various natural computer languages such as NLP and SHRDLU emerged in the 1970s-1980s.
Many important developments in the field of artificial intelligence and some engineering have taken place with the article published by Judea Pearls as “Probabilistic Thinking in Intelligent Systems” and complex networking systems emerged mathematically.
The Deep Blue became the first game to win an artificial intelligence championship by beating the world chess champion in 1997.
The autonomous vehicle tests were started by Google in 2009.

3. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PROJECTS IN THE PRESENT DAYS:

The notion of AI whose technological fıundations were laid during the Second World War has improved with developments in coding languages, the internet, and software technology day by day and it will become one of the most needed fields by 2030.

The unemployment rate has also increased with the development of machines which had artificial intelligence. As a result of these rates, the opinion that artificial intelligence was coming to the end emerged. However, AI is not limited to fabrication and has begun to be used in all areas of today.

3.1) The Projects of Artificial Intelligence in the World:

IBM which established the Artificial Intelligence Hardware Center at SUNY Polytechnic Insitute in New York and whose aim is the ‘artificial intelligence epicenter’ develops the Watson supercomputer from healthcare to finance.
Zmo.ai that designs clothes for fashional brands reveals models by describing features like face, height, skin color, and body shape.
Cloud structure which is an internet-based data storage system that can be accessed from everywhere is one of the active projects in the world.
The projects of Smart Cities or Smart Homes used artificial intelligence and the internet of things (IoT) technologies are one of the projects whose aim is to make people’s daily lives as easy as possible. Humans do not have to access their systems when they are only at home but also they can change system settings when they are away from the house, thanks to software technologies. It is an ever-increasing system that has lots of efficient features in terms of energy efficiency, and prevention of loss of life, and property such as turning the air conditioner on and off, changing the light brightness. Another advantage is that it strengthens the notion of a secure medium with more sensitive sensors. Cameras that have the feature of detecting movements in addition to taking images and restriction of entry buildings except for significant people thanks to the face recognition system are indications of the extra security measure taken by AI technology.
In addition to these fields used thanks to AI, students can also recognize how inadequate they are in which subjects. It is not limited to students, the system can determine deficiencies in the explanations of teachers.
Nano UAV projects which are one of the biggest technological steps taken in recent years are developing for military and civilians with the technology of unmanned systems and environments. Nano UAVs are smaller and lighter versions of evolved systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles. In the coming days, developers aim to improve factors such as image quality, flight process, and wind resistance.