Token Reward System Curaizon
Architecture & Data Privacy
The blockchain is a decentralized ledger that underpins bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies and provides a robust process to access and retrieve the underlying patent data secured through cryptographic hash functions and smart contracts. Blockchain technology has been touted as the “magic bullet” to solve the healthcare industry’s data interoperability and security issues and will usher in a new era of personalized medicine and scientific research.
Data Privacy
We will use blockchain technology to manage authentication, confidentiality, and accountability through allowing individuals to be back in control of their data, providing protection, security, and compliance with all upcoming and required regulations, including GDPR (General Data Protection Regulations). Using a decentralized blockchain approach means all raw patent data will belong and be private to the patent in exactly the way that bitcoin belongs to the purchaser. To guarantee data integrity and prevent tampering the blockchain will hold a cryptographic hash of the patent record. Patents will be able to choose which specific anonymized data to share and in what situations (for example drug studies, research projects or specific API requests). We are sensitive to jurisdictional differences and seek to align our practices with those of the regions or countries in which we operate. The data itself will be AES 256 encrypted and located in cloud services in the appropriate national domain. To avoid scaling and processing speed limits, we will use the blockchain as a storage of pointers to relevant encrypted data in a secure data storage cloud consisting of a patent index blockchain.
Smart Contracts
Smart contracts are code that is stored, verified and executed on a blockchain and will enable us:
- To manage properties related to contract structures and relationships between records;
- To manage access permissions to individual records whose full control remains with the patent (patents will be allowed to indicate the fields they wish to share).
Specifically, smart contracts will automate and track certain state transitions such as.
- A change in viewership rights to certain parts of patent data linked to an encrypted secured ‘of chain’ database.
- Signals triggered by an identified medical event.
- The creation or amendment of records associated with a particular patent by a provider (either by ailment or another event).
In all cases, automated notifications could be added to verify or reject the proposed state change. This keeps participants informed and engaged in the evolution of their records. A syncing algorithm will handle data exchange between the encrypted patent database and a provider database.
This occurs only after accessing a relevant smart contract to confirm permissions. In addition, smart contracts will provide access to multiple patent records (where permission has been granted) by relevant identified criteria (ailment/demographics etc.).
This request for information is converted into a smart contract which includes the metrics needed (age, gender, ailment), the API needed and a cryptographic hash of the patents whose data should be included. These contracts will form the basis for access to a ‘Big Data’ view of a subset of data within multiple patent records. Equally this approach can provide the information needed to apply machine learning algorithms to the same equivalent data. Each query string will be affixed with the hash of this data subset in order to guarantee that data has not been altered at the source.
Benefits Of Blockchain
Immutability Since multiple copies of a blockchain is kept and managed by consensus across a peer-to-peer network, no one peer can alter past transactions.
Security It is a fundamental cryptological law that it is relatively easy to set a problem that is very, very difficult to solve. What is relatively easy for a network of computers to do is, in practice, impossible even for much larger networks to undo.
Verifability The combination of transparency and immutability also allows us to satisfy full public verifability: anyone in the world can check for themselves that the rules of the system — in the case of digital currencies, that coins should be spent only once — are being followed. While information cannot be manipulated, it can be easily verified thanks to the size and power of the network.
Resilience The distributed nature of the ledger makes it resilient. Even if many peers go fine, the information is still accessible.
Transparency The fact that all transactions are broadcast to all peers also makes the ledger transparent. However, the encrypted nature of the transaction means that privacy is also assured.
Permissions Permission-based controls empower patents to make decisions and control their data. We act as a data escrow agency in this context.
