Attachment Theory & Learning — Tips for Teachers

Attachment theory is a psychological theory developed by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth in the 1950s and 1960s. It proposes that infants and young children develop emotional bonds with primary caregivers, such as parents or guardians, and that these bonds have a significant impact on their social and emotional development. According to attachment theory, infants are biologically programmed to seek closeness and proximity to their caregivers for safety and protection. Through interactions with their caregivers, infants learn to form mental representations of the relationship, called an “internal working model” which guides their behaviour and interactions in future relationships.

As it applies to education, Attachment theory can be used to understand why some children struggle in school, especially those who have experienced disruptions in their early attachments, such as those who have been in foster care or have a history of trauma. Teachers and other educators can use an understanding of attachment theory to create a secure and nurturing classroom environment, which can help students develop positive relationships with their peers and adults, and promote emotional well-being. Attachment theory posits that the quality of relationships that students have with their teachers and peers play a crucial role in their motivation and engagement in the classroom.

Here are some strategies to help engage high school students in the classroom, incorporating attachment theory:

Build positive relationships

Establishing positive relationships with students is crucial for creating a sense of safety and security in the classroom. This can be done by showing genuine interest in students’ lives, providing emotional support and being responsive to their needs.

Create a sense of belonging

High school students need to feel like they are a part of a community in order to be engaged in learning. Encourage students to form connections with their peers and create a sense of belonging in the classroom.

Provide emotional support

High school students often face a variety of emotional challenges, so it’s important that educators provide emotional support and create a safe and inclusive learning environment.

By incorporating attachment theory, educators can create an environment in which students feel safe and supported, and therefore more motivated and engaged in the learning process. It’s important to remember that all students have different needs and attachment styles, therefore it’s important to be adaptable and responsive to individual students needs.