CyberConnect Ecosystem A Deep Dive
CyberConnect Ecosystem A Deep Dive
Table of Content
1. Introduction
2. Features CyberConnect
3. CyberConnect goals in the web3 ecosystem
4. Protocol Design of CyberConnect
5. CyberConnect Social Graph Design
6. CyberConnect Ecosystem and their Objectives
7. The Potential Focus Areas for the Future of the Protocol
8. The Potential Focus Areas for the Future of the Protocol
9. Protocol Growth Strategy
10. Product Feature Timeline of Link3
11. Common Challenges
12. Strategies To Attract Developers
13. References
Introduction
CyberConnect is a decentralized social graph protocol that helps web3’s earliest and biggest decentralized applications bootstrap social network effects. Built on EVM chains, CyberConnect empowers users to truly own their social identities, contents, and connections in a social network and provides developers with a rich set of tools to build applications with meaningful social experiences.
In order to investigate the many Web3 social interaction possibilities, CyberConnect was established in 2021. The protocol layer and the application layer are the key areas of development. Being the first decentralized multi-chain social graph deployment protocol, it has created a core account system based on CyberProfile, which acts as a user’s identity in the Web3 space. Users’ multidimensional data from CyberProfile, such as their assets, content, social connections, and on-chain activities, are recorded and decentralizedly stored. CyberConnect can offer users native Web3 friend and content suggestions owing to the multidimensional data it has, facilitating the formation of new social networks. A huge number of Web3 native users are drawn to its self-built product, Link3, which acts as a verifiable identity social platform and community network, boosting the protocol’s user base to about a million. Additionally, the main focus is on CyberWallet, a forthcoming account-based wallet that intends to improve the usability of Web3 social interactions.
At the level of the ecosystem, CyberConnect has already created a draft ecosystem made up of more than 50 applications from different categories, including social, metaverse, NFTs, games, content, and tools. It draws developers by empowering the ecosystem and using other techniques to jointly create and enhance the protocol while experimenting with novel social interactions.
The CyberConnect protocol has 1.1 million user profiles as of June 2023, and 500 thousand active wallets each month have completed more than 12 million transactions. In order to expand their web3 native audience on CyberConnect’s first native social app, Link3, which has 1M monthly active users, over 2,200 verified companies created their CyberProfiles.
CyberConnect is already being used by more than 50 projects to create social features for practical use cases like community-owned social networks, markets, content curation, discovery tools, and more.
Features CyberConnect:
It consists of three user-focused features:
1. CyberProfile: a decentralized identity standard that provides access to web3
2. CyberConnect Social Graph: which links your digital identity, data, content, and friends
3. CyberWallet: a smart contract wallet that provides an easy onboarding experience to web3 social.
CyberConnect goals in the web3 ecosystem
CyberConnect objective is to have a world where we have ultimate control over our digital lives and identity, and meaningful, long lasting connections aren’t decided by centralized or biased tech.
“On-Chain Friends Last Forever. CyberConnect envisions a world where users have ultimate control over their digital lives and identities, and meaningful, long-lasting connections aren’t decided by centralized or biased tech.” The underlying essence conveyed is that we collectively anticipate Web3 solutions that make connections more free, efficient, and meaningful, and bring new social experiences.
Protocol Design of CyberConnect
The following diagram illustrates the architecture design of CyberConnect. In its identity system and adopted data storage solutions, we can perceive the team’s balance between ideology and pragmatism in the context of social scenarios.
CyberConnect Social Graph Design
Identity, Subscription, and Content Relationships
CyberConnect has built an identity system based on the ERC-721 standard, with CyberProfile at its core. CyberProfile not only stores users’ basic information but also associates their content and social relationships, accumulating a rich understanding of users from multiple dimensions. It serves as the foundation of users’ identity in Web3. Applications within the ecosystem that integrate with CyberConnect can directly use CyberProfile as their account system. The advantage of having a unified identity system is that the friend relationships accumulated by users across different applications can be interconnected, allowing developers to effectively leverage these social connections during cold starts. For users, their friend relationships become their own assets, eliminating the need to rebuild connections, which is particularly beneficial for creators.
To construct a complete social graph and interest graph, in addition to identity NFTs, CyberConnect’s design also includes SubscribeNFT (representing one-way relationships between wallet addresses and CyberProfiles) and EssenceNFT (which can represent any type of content created by CyberProfiles, such as social media posts, videos, etc.), representing subscription relationships between people and people, and relationships between people and entities. With the help of middleware, developers can create more customized NFT designs for specific scenarios:
CyberConnect Ecosystem and their Objectives
Currently, CyberConnect has over 50 products in its ecosystem, distributed across multiple categories such as metaverse, content, community tools, games, and more. Here are some selected projects:
From the existing applications within the ecosystem, we have seen some interesting integrations with the CyberConnect protocol, such as:
Oasis: Oasis is a metaverse social product with over tens of millions of registered users, supporting a wide range of social activities (watching sports events, concerts, board games, etc.). After integrating with CyberProfile in its on-chain version, Oasis automatically integrates users’ on-chain friend relationships and airdrops them to a space called “Link3 Space.” In this space, users can showcase their on-chain assets and the content of other Link Pages, and their friends can visit and engage in token and NFT transactions.
By placing asset owners and transaction participants within a social space, CyberProfile injects real meaning into the interactions, and the space begins to take on vitality defined by the people and behaviours it attracts. The possibilities of new interactions, transaction behaviours, and social relationships are the essence of Oasis in its on-chain version.
In the future, Oasis plans to introduce AI-powered NFTs, integrate the latest GPT API, and support the creation of exclusive AI personalities. Users who own NFTs can engage in richer social activities. The combination of on-chain identity, NFTs, and AI may unlock entirely new experiences, which is an exciting landscape to anticipate. Additionally, interacting with AI may change the way data is collected and the dimensions of the data, which will also impact the graph layer.
Plato: Plato is built around offline dining scenarios, rewarding users who create and share dining experiences with tokens and badges. Both tokens and badges are tradable, and users share the marketing expenses paid by restaurants. By integrating with CyberConnect, users can create a CyberProfile and use the follow and like features. Although the functionalities used are very simple, there is significant potential to explore within the dining scene. Good food naturally fosters connections between people, and if combined with token distribution and profit sharing, it may create new connections and incentives. For example, restaurants can selectively airdrop to targeted users they desire, issue POAPs, and reshape their marketing strategies. The integration of offline scenarios with on-chain identities presents an opportunity to address pain points in existing scenarios. Exploring points such as leveraging users’ on-chain consumption behaviour to provide new recommendations for offline consumption (beyond relying on dining records or user relationships) and how the fungible nature of tokens can promote consumption are worth considering.
Dopamine: Regulatory compliance has always been a challenge in the financial sector. Dopamine App tackles this problem by leveraging blockchain technology, providing millions of users with decentralized and non-custodial wallets that comply with global anti-money laundering standards. By integrating the social graph from CyberConnect and Dopamine’s anti-money laundering score, users can forge their Web3 identities and obtain badges through CyberConnect’s Essences NFTs to authenticate their compliance level (A+ being excellent, C- being very poor). This means that any other Web3 projects can gain further insights into their users and communities by connecting with the wallet, enabling more effective identification of potential risks and enhancing the security of financial transactions within the ecosystem. The combination of social and anti-money laundering scenarios provides a novel and effective solution for financial compliance. One of the insights we gain is that combining social elements with different scenarios may unlock many new possibilities. We can freely envision potential collaborations on the front end and judge them based on whether they bring new effective solutions and incremental value.
Storage, Multi-Chain Deployment, and Indexing
Once a large amount of social data is generated, the next question is how to store it in a way that ensures data sovereignty and scalability. In the current design of CyberConnect, the Arweave + Bundlr solution is used. It provides relay services to package and upload user actions to decentralized storage. Arweave is currently capable of processing over 2 million transactions per day, and the Bundlr packaging and upload solution has increased transaction throughput by nearly a hundredfold. Furthermore, compared to on-chain storage, these solutions significantly reduce costs. For example, storing 1 million relationship data on Arweave costs only 16 AR (\~$160). These two aspects provide excellent infrastructure groundwork for the large-scale adoption of social applications.
However, simply uploading data to decentralized servers is not enough. To prevent centralized servers from behaving maliciously and truly achieve data sovereignty and censorship resistance, the SSM design requires users to sign in with their private keys when interacting with products within the CyberConnect ecosystem for the first time (ensuring that only the user can write data). Additionally, to ensure the security of frequent writes and updates to the SSM, the team has designed a mechanism where the SSM creates a new hash-linked list called “operation logs” for each part of the proof data during the first transaction. Each operation on the state appends new states to the end of the operation logs. The newly generated states are temporarily stored on centralized servers until the tail of the operation logs is packaged and uploaded to Arweave. Anyone else can access the latest state and verify the integrity of the data.
On the public chain side, CyberConnect adopts a multi-chain deployment strategy and is currently deployed on BNB Chain, Polygon, and Ethereum. Although multi-chain deployment increases complexity, it maximizes the aggregation of user communities and ecosystem resources from different chains, thus expanding the breadth of protocol data sources. At the same time, CyberConnect has not chosen to build its own L1 (Layer 1) solution, likely considering the necessity and the level of user and developer friendliness. The BNB public chain, with which CyberConnect has a deep strategic partnership, has relative advantages in terms of scalability. The upcoming BNB Greenfield is also expected to bring more scalable storage solutions, aligning well with CyberConnect’s focus on social scenarios. Meanwhile, CyberConnect is also working on upgrading its protocol to expand to other public chain ecosystems.
Based on the collected data, indexing and recommendation play a crucial role in achieving composability and developer usability. Currently, CyberConnect provides on-chain indexing of NFTs and tokens for developers, and it is expected that in the future, it may collaborate with third parties to build a comprehensive indexing system. In terms of recommendations, CyberConnect has shared some of its thoughts. After all, to truly give meaning and value to the data, making good recommendations is a way to interpret the data. CyberConnect’s exploration of recommendations aims to build Web3-native social relationships rather than simply migrating existing social relationships.
Taking an article about NFT recommendation mechanisms provided by the official as an example, the main logic is to recommend other addresses (people) based on similar NFT transaction histories and recommend similar ERC-721 tokens based on the NFT transaction records in the user’s address. When calculating similarity, the trading place of the NFT can also be considered to increase the weighting for more refined recommendations. With the richness of existing data, if we can imagine new ways to establish connections between data, completely different recommendations can also be derived. For users, new and effective recommendations mean new experiences and connections.
We are still at the beginning of the transition from a centralized closed network to a decentralized user-centric network. In order to continuously move towards this north star, whether it’s the technical architecture itself, decentralized and scalable storage, or the discovery and recommendation mechanisms for content and relationships, all aspects are in need of innovative exploration. However, through continuous experimentation and honest consideration of the feasibility of existing tools based on user needs, we should be able to find more optimal solutions for this phase and continuously create new possibilities.
The Potential Focus Areas for the Future of the Protocol
In the exploration of social protocols, CyberConnect has accumulated valuable experience. To further achieve reliability, usability, and the ultimate success of the protocol, there are some important milestones that need to be reached, such as:
1) Promoting widespread adoption of the account system
Given the network effects of the protocol, a protocol that can achieve widespread adoption will unleash infinite possibilities for value creation. To achieve this goal, reducing the entry barriers and addressing the usability of Web3 social interactions take the forefront. The core element for new users entering the Web3 space is the construction of an account system. In the following sections, we will mention CyberConnect’s plan to launch CyberWallet, a product based on account abstraction. With CyberWallet, users can log in to their wallets using familiar methods from Web2, such as email or phone numbers. The wallet integrates with CyberProfile, ensuring that all user actions on the CyberConnect protocol are associated with their account. Furthermore, users who have a CyberConnect account can choose to settle gas fees incurred from operations in different networks using the CYBER token. This provides solid utility value for the token and promotes the healthy development of the entire ecosystem.
2) Accumulating Data of Depth, Breadth, and Diversity and Developing a Robust Indexing Ecosystem
CyberConnect has already accumulated a significant amount of data. However, to achieve the breadth and depth of data (at least in localized areas with sufficient density), it is crucial to establish linkages with a wide variety of real-world scenarios, including those with sufficient volume and frequency. Additionally, efforts should be made to enable data writing back to the application scenarios. This is essential to achieve comprehensive, timely, and highly relevant data at the data source level. Furthermore, improving the handling of social data and designing efficient data structures to enhance usability are ongoing requirements to increase the adoption of the protocol by developers. On another level, the more users there are, the more likely their established data standards will be widely adopted. This creates a cyclical breakthrough point.
In addition, the improvement of indexing and recommendation ecosystems is also a focus area to provide developers with a better experience. With the openness of the data layer, all developers can participate in indexing, which opens up possibilities for more data mining and the potential for new recommendations. The feasibility of establishing new, previously hidden social relationships is one of the crucial values in Web3 social interactions. New connections, as well as the intersections with existing connections, can generate unexpected incremental value. It’s somewhat like the opening of a new road, where the circulation between points becomes smoother, thus stimulating the generation of new energy (wealth).
3) Enhancing Data Privacy
Privacy is a matter that directly affects the interests of users, and ensuring users can use the platform securely and confidently is an essential aspect of the overall experience. Ideally, there should be a permission management system where users can manage their privacy-related permissions and selectively grant authorization to applications as needed. Currently, CyberConnect has not publicly disclosed its specific plans in this area but has mentioned that there is a distinction in data sensitivity, and the focus is currently on supporting non-sensitive data as a pragmatic choice to prioritize development. With the maturity of technologies like Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZK) and the further development of the CyberConnect protocol itself, it is expected that privacy solutions aligned with its specific use cases will be proposed.
In addition to privacy protection, if users can engage in meaningful interactions while maintaining their personal privacy, it may lead to new social gameplay based on incomplete information games (as seen in on-chain games like “The Dark Forest”). Users’ social experiences may become more multidimensional and subtle. If personal information is completely transparent and publicly available, overly explicit social interactions may lose a certain aesthetic appeal and immersive experience.
Privacy and permission management are foundational elements in Web3 social interactions. Having these features embedded at a lower level within the social protocol layer helps avoid reinventing the wheel. The protocol should continue to enhance its privacy framework in line with the development stages of the ecosystem. As mentioned earlier, this may provide possibilities for new social experiences. However, the privacy experience also depends on the user-friendliness of the product design, which means dApp builders can creatively explore various scenarios to enhance the user experience.
Protocol Growth Strategy
A protocol serves as the backbone, and having a well-designed protocol architecture is just the first step. The true opening of the protocol’s ecosystem and driving its iteration only happens when real-world data efficiently circulate within it. How to achieve broader adoption of the protocol is a question that every protocol designer needs to consider. While the protocol itself can be copied and referenced, the understanding accumulated through interactions with real-world scenarios, the handling of the relationship between the protocol and dApps, and the trade-offs in protocol architecture design — are the sources of the protocol’s true vitality. To unlock the supply side, it is not enough to focus solely on protocol design; it is also crucial to identify sufficient points of value creation from the demand-side scenarios.
CyberConnect understands this well and continuously refines real-world use cases. Its main strategies for advancement can be divided into two parts: developing first-party products to gauge user feedback and building an ecosystem to connect with more developers in exploring the protocol together.
First-Party Products
CyberConnect serves as both the builder of the protocol and the developer of applications using the protocol. Being part of over 50 ecosystem projects allows CyberConnect to explore and iterate on the protocol more quickly, while also attracting other developers to join.
In May 2022, CyberConnect’s team launched Link3, a Web3 social product based on verifiable identities. It received very positive feedback upon its release and directly contributed to the increase in CyberConnect’s protocol users from hundreds of thousands to nearly millions. This explosive growth is a testament to the product finding a certain product-market fit. Subsequently, through iterative enhancements, Link3 further strengthened its stickiness for both users on the B-side and C-side. Link3 is currently the largest AMA platform in the Web3 space.
Specifically, Link3 starts with identity construction and establishes connections between parties based on high-frequency community and user interaction scenarios, such as AMA events. Since the organizing party is verified, and the interaction takes place within a specific context, the social relationships developed have a strong sense of authenticity. Additionally, the organizing party can distribute SBT (Social Bonds Token) to users according to certain rules. Besides serving as authentication for user behaviour, this also represents a transfer of trust from the project to the individual. The clever aspect is that if a user with SBT certifies the trustworthiness of other users, this process can be repeated indefinitely, allowing trust, an intangible concept, to quickly spread throughout the entire social network. Through the establishment of meaningful social relationships in specific contexts, Link3 builds a layer of trust networks.
Furthermore, CyberConnect recently announced its plan to launch the CyberWallet, a smart contract wallet. The wallet reduces the entry barriers for new users and further expands the touchpoints for the protocol to onboard mainstream users. For users, this means they can easily have an identity account to enter the Web3 world and engage in daily high-frequency interactions, freely navigating the Web3 realm. It is expected that CyberConnect will make further developments in identity and traffic entry points through various means, exploring novel Web3 native experiences based on the feasibility provided by the protocol.
First-party products play an important role in the cold start of the protocol and its continuous improvement, setting a good example for developers interested in joining the ecosystem. The underlying idea is that for the CyberProfile identity system and the underlying protocol to be adopted by more users, the best approach is to find useful exits for this identity. Users are not specifically drawn to register an identity but rather are attracted by the experiences they can gain from having this identity. With this level of appeal, the difficulties and obstacles in establishing identity are minimized at a psychological level. Combined with the iterative improvements of the wallet, the friction of login is reduced, resulting in a smoother overall experience. As users accumulate more experiences under this identity, the identity will carry more genuine meaning, trusted relationships, and greater expansibility.
Product Feature Timeline of Link3
1) Verifiable Identity (Profiles)
The first feature of Link3 is the establishment of verifiable identities. Organizations and individuals can create their all-in-one link homepage, showcasing their relationships, content, assets, qualifications, and other on-chain activities. When other users click on their links, they can ensure that they are harmless and official links. Considering the significant presence of fake links on platforms like Twitter and Discord and the potential asset and identity theft they can cause, trust and security are genuine pain points for Web3 users. Therefore, Link3 is not just a simple counterpart to Linktree, but it has practical significance within the Web3 space. The establishment of identity can also be seen as an important step in the development of Web3 social interactions.
In terms of operational strategy, Link3 initially adopted an invitation system for individual users, primarily providing whitelist access to reputable organizations and KOLs (currently open to all individuals). The choice to start with prominent nodes may be based on leveraging existing social relationships to build initial trust. Prominent nodes often carry the most extensive social reach, and their high potential can help increase the trust of ordinary users and motivate them to establish their identity on Link3, thus gradually transmitting trust within the network. Trust is fragile, and building it requires ongoing effort and is scarce. It can be anticipated that this approach will help address many practical security risks, such as phishing prevention and protecting users’ asset security. The value generated by the strong connections between trusted nodes holds even more promise for network effects. (Note: KOL stands for Key Opinion Leader, referring to influential individuals in certain communities or industries.)
2) Event Calendar (Events)
The event calendar is the second important product feature launched on Link3. For project owners, it allows them to organize events, analyze data, reward users, and distribute SBT (Web3 Status Token) on the platform, thereby promoting community engagement and facilitating smooth communication with the community, leading to better mutual understanding. Ordinary users, they can explore and interact with projects they are interested in on the platform. When users meet certain interaction conditions (such as participation time), they can receive W3ST (Web3 Status Token) granted by the organization. W3ST has a wide range of applications, such as indicating user roles, qualifications certification, providing proof of event participation, etc. Moreover, since it is linked to CyberProfile and not limited to a single platform, it means that in addition to general information, user interests and behavioural information are further collected, enriching the user profile dimensions. This also helps CyberConnect’s recommendation engine to make better suggestions.
With the help of the event calendar, Link3 directly taps into the native high-frequency Web3 scene of AMA (Ask Me Anything), which greatly contributes to building user habits and stickiness. This interactive tool also strengthens the cohesion with the business side (B-side). A new feature can activate both the B-side and the C-side, and as a two-sided platform, the accumulated B-side and C-side can mutually enhance their attractiveness to each other. It must be said that this is a brilliant move.
3) Posts
Posts is a feature newly launched on Link3 in March, allowing users to explore different users, events, and content in a complete manner. It is a natural extension and an important step for Link3 to further enhance its community interaction and communication functions. Currently, posts are mainly in the form of long articles, but it can be imagined that Link3 may support different forms of content and provide recommendation distribution in the future.
Common Challenges
In terms of scale, all the protocols are still in relatively early stages and have yet to reach millions of users (Metamask has tens of millions of monthly active users). CyberConnect is currently experiencing the fastest user growth among the protocols, approaching the million-user mark (account count \~930k). Considering that the majority of existing Web3 users are primarily interested in DeFi-related activities and driven by financial incentives, attracting more mainstream users is a challenge for all social protocols. Key elements in addressing this challenge include creating Web3 social experiences that have independent value and providing users with motivation to join and stay.
At the same time, Web3 native applications also face the challenge of transitioning and iterating from Web2 products. Web2 products often have a large existing user base, and it remains to be seen whether they can successfully transition through iteration. Two points are worth considering in this regard. First, as mentioned earlier, Web3 products are better off entering new scenarios before directly competing with Web2 giants, once they have become more resilient. Second, if Web2 products want to integrate with Web3, such as integrating on-chain actions into content recommendations or seamlessly incorporating NFTs into their experiences, they may need to redesign their architectural systems. They may even find that integrating with Web3 affects their business model monetization efficiency. Overcoming these challenges can be difficult, as large ships are not easily manoeuvred, which may buy more time for Web3 products.
Furthermore, there are some infrastructure-related issues that need to be gradually overcome, such as improving TPS (transactions per second) and enhancing the mobile and login experiences. Account abstraction, for example, could bring significant changes to the login experience. These incremental improvements are necessary to achieve a smooth and seamless user experience. The number of users that can be leveraged and the capacity to accommodate them may grow in a spiral-like manner.
From these perspectives, the protocols are actually in a collaborative exploration phase where the focus is on exploration rather than competition. They are moving in the same direction, competing positively in a cooperative game. Each protocol focuses on different scenarios and slightly different user groups, with their own design choices and complementarity. Together, they are building the Web3 social ecosystem and actively working towards the vision of Web3 being widely adopted. Due to its openness, this ecosystem may experience faster iteration, which also demands higher learning and adaptability from the teams involved.
Strategies To Attract Developers
To turn the discussed possibilities into reality, the efforts of the CyberConnect team alone are not enough. Exploring unknown paths requires the collective efforts of a large number of developers, who can create and collaborate with low friction. To achieve this, CyberConnect adopts a combination of strategies, including:
1) Hosting Hackathons:
Hackathons are a common method for ecosystem development in Web3. Taking the example of Connected2023, a collaboration between CyberConnect and BNB Chain that concluded in 2023, it attracted participation from over 2,000 projects, eventually selecting 23 winning teams. Hackathons serve as both a means of brand promotion for developers and a way to capture the attention of users. Users participate by voting to support projects they appreciate. During the hackathon, the protocol’s daily active users (DAU) reached a peak of 210,000, and 330,000 CyberProfiles were minted (free of charge during the hackathon).
2) Providing More Resource Support At The Ecosystem Level, Including Cold Starts:
Having explored Web3 social interactions for several years, CyberConnect has accumulated various ecosystem resources and knowledge that can empower applications within the ecosystem, helping newcomers avoid common pitfalls. One area where assistance is provided is in cold starts, which is likely one of the most pressing demands for project teams. One approach currently taken is to drive traffic through the Link3 fan club feature. When users complete key interactions defined by the project team that involves the protocol, they can receive FP rewards. At the same time, this enhances the richness of fan club interactions, increases user stickiness, and contributes more data and users to the protocol, benefiting CyberConnect itself as well. It is a win-win situation. Project teams can also receive organic traffic support through Link3 features such as Posts and Events.
3) Providing A Better User Experience With APIs and Protocol Usage:
Providing better APIs is undoubtedly a practical and developer-friendly approach. Looking at it from this perspective, CyberConnect’s decision to build its own product instead of relying heavily on a third party might provide deeper insights. As the builders of the protocol, CyberConnect has the deepest understanding of its advantages and feasibility. When they choose to build their own product, they can excel at it, provide templates for other developers, receive feedback quickly to improve the protocol and leverage the meaningful data accumulated by Link3 in specific scenarios, which will be openly available to everyone in the ecosystem. The traffic generated can also support the cold starts of other projects. This is one of the unique aspects of the CyberConnect ecosystem.
4) Investment:
Investment is also a powerful way to establish deep connections and build and improve the ecosystem. According to Crunchbase, CyberConnect has invested in projects closely related to the ecosystem, such as Aspecta, TwitterScan, ReadOn, Project Twelve, and Metaforo. It is expected that they will continue to focus on core elements of Web3 social interactions, such as identity, creator economies, DAOs, and strategically build around them.
By building their own product, CyberConnect is able to align better with developers. For developers, the accumulated user base within the ecosystem and the usability of the protocol are attractive factors. As developers and users develop certain behavioural habits, the brand momentum of the protocol gradually builds up, resulting in increased attraction and stickiness for developers.
Reference:
https://link3.to/buidlerdao/post/396ec824583968b92f728296347d4e437bbfbf4fb1fba979e24e5011f204d9e6
https://www.arianee.com/post/the-on-chain-social-graph
https://www.horizen.io/academy/ethereum-virtual-machine-evm/
