Steel wire rod is a semi-finished product produced from steel billet. After the rolling operation, the steel billet is wired as shown in picture number 1. The wire is a final product for the manufacturing plant, and it is considered a raw material for the wire products production workshops. After rolling the wire into coils or coils, the weight of the wire can be expressed as the weight of the coil.
What is wire?
A steel product that usually has a cross-sectional area of 0.4 to 4 mm and is produced using the process of stretching and hot rolling is called wire. The wire is generally made of low carbon steel. For example, according to DIN EN ISO 16120–2 C32D standard, according to ASTM A510M standard 1008 or according to GOST30136 Ct0M standard are the steel grades used in the production of wire. In other words, each of the grades contains a certain amount of carbon and other alloy elements, which is why there are different grades of this product due to the wide variety of manufactured wire. Steel wire can be raw or black wire, or it can be galvanized in some cases. There is an annealed type of steel wire that is used to produce uniform products in the market. And some of the wires are coated with PVC.
The things mentioned apply to steel wire, while another type of wire is copper wire, picture number 2. Although this type of wire is also widely used in the industry, especially the electrical industry, it is discussed in this encyclopedia. does not take It should be noted that this type of wire is also called Maswar wire.
Types of wire
As mentioned, the variety of wires depends on the type of wire. In this section, we examine the types of steel wire together:
black wire
Black wire or reinforcing wire is a steel wire that has a good ability to bend and twist. This type of wire with good resistance can be twisted, woven or returned to its original state. Black wire is produced from low carbon steel, so it has high plasticity. In general, it can be said that the plasticity of black wire is very good, but its resistance against corrosion is negligible. In picture number 3, we see a coil of black wire.
Due to the fact that the black wire has no coating, it is highly susceptible to corrosion. Black wire usually rusts when exposed to air. The effects of rust are always visible on the black wire in the form of red spots.
Galvanized wire
Galvanized wire is obtained by galvanizing black wire. This type of wire can be used for wet environments. Galvanized wire is produced in two ways: hot galvanized or cold galvanized. Hot galvanized wire is completely integrated and shiny, and in general, it can be said that the quality of cold galvanized wire is lower than hot galvanized wire.
Hot galvanized wire:
When black wire is immersed in a molten bath of zinc metal and galvanization is applied to the surface of the metal with great depth, this product is called hot galvanized wire.
Cold galvanized wire:
In the cold galvanizing process of the wire, like other steel products produced by the cold galvanizing process, the black wire is plated using the electrolysis method. The depth of galvanization in this case is less than hot galvanization. Image number 4 — depicts cold galvanized and hot galvanized wire.
PVC wire
PVC wire is the same black wire that is coated with PVC materials during the coating process. Wire coating operation is done by wire coating machine. This type of wire has a high resistance to corrosion and rust, at the same time, it has high formability.
Stainless steel wire
Stainless steel wire is another type of steel wire. This type of wire has a high resistance to rusting. The price of stainless steel wire is higher than the price of black wire or galvanized wire. Basically, steel products made of stainless steel have a higher price than the price of steel products produced from carbon steel. Therefore, the use of stainless steel wire is in places where there is no other option other than using this type of product in terms of engineering and economics. Stainless steel wire is also called non-stick wire. The reason for this designation is that stainless steel products do not have magnetic properties and are not attracted to magnets due to their special crystal structure.
Application of wire
It is not possible to reach a general conclusion about the applications of wire. Due to the flexibility of this product, many applications are considered for wire. Also, the range of wire materials makes its applications more widespread. The following items that can be seen in the list of wire applications are mentioned in general and each of them can have limitations depending on the type of wire. For example, where wire is used to close the mold temporarily, there is no need to choose galvanized wire. Where the production of press mesh is considered, it is not possible to use very soft wires with low thickness, and in the same way, the type of wire should be considered according to its efficiency. The following list shows the most common applications of wire:
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source : foulka