Acharya Aryabhat (476–550 CE) was an Indian mathematician who calculated PI
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Acharya Aryabhat (476–550 CE) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer of the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. He flourished in the Gupta Era and produced works such as the Aryabhatiya (which mentions that in 3600 Kali Yuga, 499 CE, he was 23 years old) and the Arya-siddhant.
Aryabhat created a system of phonemic number notation in which numbers were represented by consonant-vowel monosyllables. Later commentators such as Brahmagupta divide his work into Ganita (“Mathematics”), Kalakriya (“Calculations on Time”) and Golapada (“Spherical Astronomy”). His pure mathematics discusses topics such as determination of square and cube roots, geometrical figures with their properties and mensuration, airthmetric progression problems on the shadow of the gnomon, quadratic equations, linear and indeterminate equations. Aryabhat calculated the value of pi (π) to the fourth decimal digit and was likely aware that pi (π) is an irrational number, around 1300 years before Lambert proved the same. Aryabhat’s sine table and his work on trignometry were extremely influential on the Islamic Golden Age; his works were translated into Arabic and influenced Al — Khwarizmi and Al-Zarqali. In his spherical astronomy, he applied plane trigonometry to spherical geometry and gave calculations on solar, lunar eclipses. He discovered that the apperent westward motion of stars is due to the spherical Earth’s rotation about its own axis. Aryabhat also noted that the luminosity of the Moon and other planets is due to reflected sunlight.
Aryabhat is the author of several treatises on Mathematics and Astronomy, some of which are lost.
Mathematics :
1. Place value system and zero : The place-value system, first seen in the 3rd-century Bakhshali manuscript, was clearly in place in his work. While he did not use a symbol for zero, the French mathematician Georges Ifrah argues that knowledge of zero was implicit in Aryabhat’s place-value system as a place holder for the powers of ten with null coefficients.
2. Approximation of π : Aryabhata worked on the approximation for pi (π), and may have come to the conclusion that π is irrational.
3. Trigonometry : In Ganitapada 6, Aryabhata gives the area of a triangle
4. Indeterminate equations : A problem of great interest to Indian mathematicians since ancient times has been to find integer solutions to Diophantine equations that have the form ax + by = c.
5. Algebra : In Aryabhatiya, Aryabhata provided elegant results for the summation of series of squares and cubes.
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