Commercial Construction Contracts — Legal Considerations and Best Practices by Ted Vitale

Poorly written construction contracts can result in expensive legal battles. Price should always be carefully considered as one of the critical provisions of any agreement.

Important provisions include identifying key parties and outlining how to collect from each. Furthermore, your contract must consist of a force majeure clause that provides relief when unexpected events that alter contractual obligations arise.

Scope of Work

Scope of Work documents is one of the key provisions in any construction contract, outlining key project components and objectives, deliverables and services expected from contractors, and deliverables and services they must perform.

Clear and concise language is critical for reducing misinterpretation or misuse. A poorly written scope of work may lead to costly rework and litigation disputes in construction projects. Construction contract lawyers can help you draft an easily understood statement of work.

Ted Vitale emphasizes that an adequate scope of work should clearly outline all technical details related to a project, including timelines and milestones, costs and payment terms, roles and responsibilities, end products and force majeure events (like natural disasters), and ownership documents and records. Theodore Vitale

An adequate scope of work should include warranty provisions. These offer assurance from contractors that they will complete work to a specified standard and address any problems that may arise during the project.

Poorly written scope of work documents can create much confusion and disputes during projects, so consulting an experienced construction lawyer before beginning is wise. You can use Cedreo’s free online scope of work template as an initial starting point. This tool includes sections for the scope of work and a table of contents. Plus, it features milestones that you can easily tailor according to the nature of your project. Theodore Vitale New Jersey

Payments

Ted Vitale points out that an effective commercial construction contract should outline all of the specific terms of a project, from which work should be expected to be done to what compensation will be offered. It must also set out timelines, deadline requirements, and penalties or rewards for meeting or exceeding them.

Payment provisions are essential in avoiding costly disputes and litigation, particularly for project owners and their protection. A stop payment clause gives owners a powerful tool if a contractor does not meet established benchmarks and parameters; similarly, construction firms have protection through stop work clauses, which give them the authority to terminate an agreement if a project veers off course. Theodore Vitale Wall

An often-present issue in construction projects is confusion over the pay structure for contractors. According to Ted Vitale, to prevent disagreements over this matter and disputes about whether there was an initial lump sum agreement or unit price contract, such details should be specified within the contract document itself.

Unit price contracts set a specific cost per unit of work, such as square feet or cubic yards. They’re an ideal way to structure long-term projects with unpredictable material costs or labor rates over time or when working with unclear designs.

Change Orders

Even the most carefully drafted contracts may need to be modified in response to unexpected working conditions, labor shortages, material delivery delays, or other external influences beyond your control.

Ted Vitale points out that you should ensure your contract includes a change order clause that outlines procedures and costs related to changes in scope or cost that affect project change while keeping you and your client on the same page regarding what constitutes project changes. Doing this will prevent disputes over unbilled work later down the road.

Contractual provisions should also address ownership and rights to project documents such as plans, drawings, specifications, confidentiality provisions, and insurance/bonding requirements. Furthermore, subcontractors should be permitted to participate in project activities under certain conditions if allowed to do so.

Finalizing the contract should include establishing warranty terms such as duration and coverage, record-keeping requirements, documentation processes, procedures for project reports, change orders, and as-builts submission. Furthermore, force majeure clauses should address unpreventable events or circumstances like natural disasters that might impede the project completion — construction legal experts can assist in creating these clauses for your benefit.

Dispute Resolution

Even with an excellent contract, any construction project can encounter unexpected difficulties that require litigation. While disputes often stem from miscommunications or misinterpretations of contractual terms, they could also arise as a direct violation.

Ted Vitale elucidates that when disputes arise between contracting parties, they must abide by their dispute resolution procedures to avoid costly litigation. These can range from direct negotiations, mediation with an impartial intermediary, arbitration before one or three arbitrators, and litigation in court — each has its benefits and drawbacks; for this reason, your contract’s dispute resolution procedures must be stated in your contract.

For instance, if a contract requires copyright materials to be used by contractors, its terms must outline whether they have been granted permission and any restrictions or limitations associated with that license. Furthermore, contracts should include protections for contractors via stop payment/work clauses to safeguard cash flow and avoid projects being delayed by nonpayment from project owners or poor performance by these parties.

Consider including a force majeure clause in the contract to cover extraordinary events beyond anyone’s control that necessitate extending time limits or waiving penalties. It’s vitally important that this and other provisions comply with local, state, and federal laws and regulations for best results.