Empire State Building
in New York
Skyscrapers are what distinguishes New York from other cities. There is a business card by which it is recognized by all. It is the highest construction of the city, a symbol of “the capital of the world”.
History of creation
On March 17, 1930 in New York construction of a 102-storey skyscraper of Empire State Building began.
The project of the building was executed by the architectural company “Shriv Lam and Harmon”. Creators of a skyscraper designed it in style of art deco. Unlike the majority of modern skyscrapers, the facade of a tower is executed in classical style. The only element of a decor of a gray stone facade — vertical strips of stainless steel. Hall has length of 30 meters and height 3 floors inside. He is decorated with a panel with images of 7 wonders of the world, and the 8 also is added to them — the Empire State.
Construction of the building
The skyscraper was constructed in record 410 days, on average in a week 4.5 floors were under construction, and sometimes in 10 days the new building grew by 14 floors. 5662 cubic meters of limestone and granite were spent for a construction of external walls. In total builders used 60 thousand tons of steel structures, 10 million bricks and 700 km of a cable. In the building there are 6500 windows.
Its design such is that the main loading is born by a steel framework, but not walls. It transfers this load directly to the most powerful “two-storeyed” base. Thanks to an innovation building weight considerably decreased and was 365 thousand tons.
Empire State Building occupies about one hectare of the earth on the island Manhattan, on crossing 5 avenues and 34 streets. In the building offices of 640 companies at which about 50 thousand people work are placed.
On May 1, 1931 official opening of a skyscraper took place. The then president of the country Herbert Hoover opened for the Empire State Building: click of the knife switch from Washington it lit fires of the highest man-made construction in the world.
Height of the building was 381 meters after in 1952 on a roof of the Empire State Building the television tower, its height — 443 meters was built.
Empire State Building occupies about one hectare of the earth on the island Manhattan, on crossing 5 avenues and 34 streets. In the building offices of 640 companies at which about 50 thousand people work are placed.
Name of the city and skyscraper
The interesting story according to which the English seafarer Henry Gudzon during the travel floated down the river, received subsequently his name is known. He was surprised to the opened beauty and greatness of the area and in admiration exclaimed: “This is the new empire!” — that in translation means “Is the new empire”.
Later the State of New York began to be called “imperial”, and the constructed skyscraper bears the name Empire State Buildings which is closely connected with the city.
Observation decks
The skyscraper is a place of interest of Manhattan and New York. Every year 3.5 million tourists. On the high-speed elevator in one minute they can rise by the observation deck located on the 86th floor and to see a panorama of New York: its streets, the areas, parks, bridges and even the ships in the sea. On the 102nd floor there is a glazed circular observatory. From height of 381 meters the panorama of five states opens.
Lighting system
Not only the skyscraper, but also its unique system of illumination is considered a place of interest of New York. The tradition to highlight the Empire State Building in different flowers in a part of various holidays exists for a long time.
So, on the Independence Day of the USA the skyscraper becomes blue-red-white, and on the St. Patrick’s Day — green, in Day of Columbus — green-white-red. For this purpose on 200 searchlights lighting 30 top floors plastic disks change
The building in movies
By the number of movies in which the Empire State Building is removed the building can compete with the leading movie stars. Everything began with “King Kong” removed in 1933 where final battle of a huge gorilla with fighters of the American Air Force happened on a roof of this skyscraper.
Now the list of movies in which the Empire State Building given on the official site of a skyscraper appears contains 91 movies.
Among other things the Empire State Building is also the venue of some of the most unusual competitions. Annually at the beginning of February run competitions on skyscraper ladders are held here. Athletes overcome 1576 steps of the building — from 1 on 86 floor — in several minutes. In 2003. Paul Kreyk set a record which is still not broken — 9 minutes 33 seconds.
The Empire State Building became not just office building, but the real symbol of New York, the embodiment of its spirit and energy
