如何選購SUP立槳：板子

How to Choose a Stand Up Paddle Board (SUP)

如何選購SUP立槳：板子

文章取自於REI CO·OP「 https://www.rei.com/learn/expert-advice/how-to-choose-a-stand-up-paddleboard.html 」 純屬翻譯分享

Stand up paddle boarding (SUP) offers something for everyone. You can head out for a relaxing paddle on a calm lake or catch waves in the ocean. Or maybe you’d like to do SUP yoga or go for a fast-paced paddle to get a workout. Whatever your ambitions, having the right board is key to your enjoyment.

立槳的多元性讓每個人都可以享受其樂趣，你可以悠遊在寧靜的湖泊上或是體驗衝浪的快感，也可嘗試瑜伽或是高節奏的划行來鍛鍊身體，總之，無論你的目的為何，都必須挑選一塊適合你的板子。

To find the right SUP, here’s what you need to consider:

選購前的一些建議如下：

• Hull type: Your two main choices are a planing hull and a displacement hull; the type you choose will be based on the type of paddling you plan to do.

板身設計類型：主要有兩個類型可以選擇，一是圓頭設計，另一則是尖頭設計。依照你運動的方式選擇相對應的類型。

• Solid or inflatable: Do you want a solid board or an inflatable one? Your answer will be based on things like board performance, portability and your storage options.

硬板或是充氣式：除了你喜好的運動方式之外，還要考慮到你的運送、收納的方式。

• Volume and weight capacity: You want to pick a board with the volume and weight capacity that’s right for your height and weight to ensure good stability and paddling performance.

體積和重量的負荷：選擇適合你的身型、體重的板子才能給你好的穩定度以及划行狀態。

• Length, width and thickness: The dimensions of a SUP play a big role in determining how it handles on the water.

長度、寬度以及厚度：板子的尺寸是決定在水上如何運作的重要因素之一。

From there, you’ll consider a board’s fins and any extras or accessories that work for you.

除了板子之外，還有其他配件像是鰭、腳繩……等等。

Video: How to Choose a Stand Up Paddle Board

SUP Hull Types

立槳板體設計

The hull, or body, of a paddle board plays a major role in determining how the board performs in the water. Most SUPs have either a planing hull or a displacement hull. There are a handful with a hybrid design that combine the best attributes of each design.

板子主體設計會決定在水上的表現，大部分的板體設計不是圓頭就是尖頭。當然也有少數的設計結合了不同屬性的優點。

Either hull shape can be enjoyed by beginner paddlers, but there are differences that make them better for some activities than others. Because of this, it’s wise to choose the hull type based on how you plan to use your board.

兩者對於初學者來說都是充滿樂趣的，但兩者的設計不同所以在不一樣的活動也表現不同，也因如此選購應該依照你想要的運動方式。

Planing Hull

A planing hull is flat and wide, similar to a surfboard. It is designed to ride on top of the water and be very maneuverable. Boards with planing hulls are a good choice for:

圓頭板體比較平坦而寬闊，比較像衝浪板。設計主要訴求是在水上順利划行以及較高的機動性。

以下是適合圓頭設計的運動類型：

• Leisure paddling

休閒娛樂

• Surfing

衝浪

• SUP yoga

瑜珈

• Whitewater

浪花區

Displacement Hull

SUPs with displacement hulls have a pointed nose or bow (front end) similar to that of a kayak or canoe. The hull slices through water, pushing the water around the nose to the sides of the SUP to improve efficiency and create a fast, smooth ride.

尖頭設計的船體具有類似獨木舟的尖鼻在前端，當板子划行時，水會從鼻頭被推向側邊，能夠提高划行效率、速度以及流暢度。

The efficiency of a displacement hull requires less effort than a planing hull to paddle, allowing you to go longer distances at faster speeds. They also track nice and straight but are generally a bit less maneuverable than planing hulls.

尖頭板身相較於圓頭所需要的體力更少，讓你在中長距離的划行時也有更佳的速度，在直線方向性的表現上良好，但是沒有圓頭設計來的機動性高。

Paddlers choose displacement hulls for a variety of applications, but always with an eye toward paddling efficiency and speed. Some applications include:

部分SUP玩家會選擇尖頭設計用於各種用途，但最終考量因素會是划行的效率以及速度。

以下是適合尖頭設計的運動類型：

• Fitness paddling

健身式划行

• SUP touring/camping

旅遊探索、露營

• Racing

競速

Solid vs. Inflatable SUPs

硬板 v.s 充氣板

Planing hull and displacement hull SUPs are available in two different general construction styles: solid or inflatable.

兩種設計都有硬式跟充氣式可供選擇：

Solid SUPs

Most solid boards have an EPS foam core that’s wrapped with fiberglass and epoxy. This is a fairly lightweight, durable and affordable construction. Carbon fiber is a lighter and stiffer option, but it’s also more expensive. Plastic SUPs are more affordable, but they are very heavy and lack the performance of other materials. Some SUPs incorporate lightweight wood for a beautiful appearance.

大部分的硬板中心是EPS(Expanded Polystyrene聚苯乙烯泡沫)，外層是玻璃纖維和環氧樹酯包覆，這樣的結構輕盈、價格合理且耐用。如果是碳纖維材質，重量會更輕但是價格更高；塑膠材質價格便宜但是很笨重而且缺少其他材質的性能。

有些特殊的硬板會使用輕型木質，外觀也更漂亮！

Why get a solid SUP:

選購硬板原因？

• Performance is your priority: Solid boards offer the best performance on the water. They travel faster, smoother and with less effort than an inflatable. If paddling fast and far are your priorities, a solid SUP is for you.

性能是你的首選：硬板擁有最佳的水性，與充氣相比之下穩定度、流暢度、速度甚至消耗的體力都相對較少。如果喜歡快速、遠征的玩法，硬板會是你的第一選擇！

• For a perfect fit: Solid SUPs are available in a larger variety of sizes and finely tuned shapes than inflatable SUPs, so you’re more likely to find one that fits you just right.

完美符合比例：硬板的尺寸、外型和細節的選擇眾多。相較充氣式更能找到符合專屬你的板子！

• Stability is important: A solid board is a tad more rigid than an inflatable board, which can provide a more stable feel, especially when riding waves. Solid boards also tend to ride lower in the water, which can also create a more stable feel.

穩定度的重要性：硬板結構上比充氣式更為堅硬，穩定度也相對提高，尤其在破浪、水面顛簸的時候硬板更能服貼水面行進，感覺會更穩固。

• You have a place to store it: Solid SUPs can take up a lot of space. If you have ample room in your garage and a vehicle that can transport it, then a solid SUP is a fine choice.

必須有地方收納：硬板會佔用相當大的空間，建議查看車庫或昌庫是否有足夠的空間，以及運輸工具是否能乘載運輸，如果都符合，硬板會是一個不錯的選擇！

Inflatable SUPs

Inflatable SUPs feature PVC exteriors with drop-stitch construction that create an air core. They come with a pump for inflating the board and a storage bag for when it’s not in use. A quality inflatable SUP is designed to be inflated to 12–15 pounds per square inch and should feel very rigid when fully inflated.

充氣式SUP外觀是PVC(PolyVinyl Chloride聚氯乙烯)，配合水滴式結構行程空氣內芯。通常購買時會包含打氣筒和收納背包。

優質的充氣式SUP設計為每平方英吋12–15磅(12–15PSI)的要求，且充飽氣時是非常堅硬的。

Why get an inflatable SUP:

選購充氣式的原因：

• You have limited storage space: If you live in a small house, condo or apartment, you may not have room for a large solid board. Inflatable SUPs are compact when deflated and can easily be stowed in small spaces, like a closet or the trunk of a car.

收納空間有限：如果家裡沒有多餘的收納空間，或是運輸工具無法乘載過大的運動運品。充氣式SUP收納後體積約為一個行李箱大小，方便收納。

• You’re traveling: If you’re taking a road trip or hopping on a plane, you can bring along your inflatable SUP and do some paddling when you reach your destination. Packed away in its storage bag, an inflatable can be checked on an airplane or stowed in a train, bus or car. Most storage bags have backpack straps for easy carrying.

時常旅行：進行長途的公路旅行或是要攜帶出國遊玩，充氣式的SUP會相對好攜帶。無論搭乘火車、大眾運輸工具或是汽車，大部分的收納袋都有背帶或是輪子方便托運行走。

• You’re hiking to a lake: If you’re headed to an alpine lake and want to paddle, you certainly cannot carry a solid board. An inflatable stowed in its storage bag is still heavy, but it’s pretty much your only option.

預計健行到湖泊：如果你預計前往高山湖泊遊玩，硬板是絕對無法攜帶的，雖然充氣式SUP收納後的重量不輕，但這是你最好的選擇了。

• You’re paddling whitewater: Like a raft or inflatable kayak, an inflatable SUP is better suited to handle bumps up against rocks and logs than a solid board.

浪花顛簸的環境：充氣式的SUP在碰撞岩石或是木頭的吸收力量能力比硬板更好，就像是竹筏或是皮艇。

• You like SUP yoga: You don’t have to get an inflatable for SUP yoga, but they tend to be a bit softer than solid boards, making them more comfortable for yoga poses.

瑜珈：充氣式的SUP外觀相較硬式更為柔軟，在從事瑜珈等靜態運動時更為舒適。

SUP Volume and Weight Capacity

SUP的體積與重量容量

A SUP board must work for your size. If the board doesn’t displace the correct amount of water for your weight, you won’t be supported well and the board may feel unstable. Board volume and weight capacity are two factors that affect how stable you will feel and how well the board will travel through the water.

板子尺寸必須符合個人體型，如果板子太小會無法支撐你的重量，划行時會相當不穩。兩者的數值會影響划行的穩定度以及水性好壞。

Volume and weight capacity are determined by the length, width and thickness of the board. SUP manufacturers combine these three dimensions in different ways to achieve different performance characteristics.

體積和重量容量取決於板子的長度、寬度及厚度，SUP的製造商會使用這三種條件去設計不同功能的板子。

Volume: A paddle board’s volume, expressed in liters, gives an indication of the board’s ability to float with weight on it. The higher the volume, the more weight the board can support.

體積：板子的體積，單位為「公升」，該數值是板子本身漂浮能力指標。數值越高能支撐的重量越高，漂浮能力越好。

Weight capacity: Each paddle board has a rider weight capacity. Knowing weight capacity is important because if you’re too heavy for a board, it will ride lower in the water and be inefficient to paddle. When thinking about weight capacity, consider the total amount of weight you will put on the board, including your body weight and the weight of any gear, food and drinking water that you’ll be taking with you.

重量容量：每個板子的重量限制有一定的範圍。瞭解自身體型跟本子重量設計是否符合非常重要。如果你的重量超出範圍，導致板子吃水過深，划行上會非常困難。

當然除了自身體重，還要加上隨身的物品、像是露營裝備、食物以及水。

Volume and weight capacity as it relates to hull type: Most planing-hull boards are very forgiving, so as long as you’re below the weight capacity, the board will perform well for you. However, with displacement-hull SUPs, volume and weight capacity are more significant. SUP makers spend a lot of time determining the most efficient position for displacement boards to be in the water. If you overweight a displacement board and cause it to sink too low, it will drag and feel slow. If you’re too light for a board, you won’t sink it enough and the board will feel heavy and difficult to control.

體積和重量容量與板子本身設計相關：大部分圓頭設計的板子較為寬大，可以符合大部分人的需求；尖頭設計的板子在乘載限制上比較精準，SUP製造商會花費許多時間測試確保板子在水裡的效益以及水性的良好與否，體重過中會使板子吃水過深，划行時水阻過大速度變慢，如果體重過輕吃水不夠則會難以控制跟行進。

SUP Length

SUP長度

The length of a board plays a major role in determining how the board handles. In general, longer boards are faster than shorter boards, but shorter boards are more maneuverable. Keep in mind your intended use when deciding what length SUP to buy:

長度也會決定該如何操控板子本身，一般來說越細長的板子速度越快，但是較短的板子比較靈敏。請於購買前先想好你的用途。

• Short boards (under 10’): Great for surfing and/or kids. These boards almost always have a planing hull. Short boards are more maneuverable than long boards, making them great for surfing waves. Boards designed specifically for kids are typically around 8’ long.

短板（10英呎以下）：適合衝浪以及孩童。這類的板子通常有圓頭的板身，短板也易於操作，且高靈敏度適合衝浪。適合孩童的板子尺寸約在8英呎上下。

• Medium boards (10’ to 12’): Ideal for all-around use and for SUP yoga. Most of these boards have planing hulls, but sometime you’ll find a displacement-hull SUP at this length.

中型板（10–12英呎）：適合全方位的運動以及水上瑜珈。大部分也是圓頭設計，但也有尖頭板身。

• Long boards (12’6” and above): Great for fast paddling and long-distance touring. The majority of boards in this size range are displacement-hull SUPs. They’re faster than short and medium boards and they tend to track straighter. If you’re interested in paddling fast or touring long distances, you’ll want a long board.

長板（12英呎6英吋含以上）：適合快速划行以及長途的探索。大部分為尖頭設計，速度較快且直線方向性佳，如果你喜歡速度感以及遠征的探索方式，長板絕對適合你！

When choosing a length, it’s helpful to understand how it relates to volume and weight capacity. A longer board can increase the volume and capacity, which can make it feel more stable and allow you to carry more on the board (width and thickness are also factors in volume and capacity; see the SUP Width and SUP Thickness sections of this article).

當你在考慮長度的時候，也要考慮體積和重量容量，越長的板子會有更好的乘載能力相對較穩，也可攜帶更多物品。（寬度和厚度也會影響乘載能力，請參閱本文的寬度與厚度部分）

Consider, too, board length in regards to your type of car, home storage situation and length of walk to the beach or shore (longer boards are more difficult to carry, especially in windy places).

也別忘了考慮攜帶以及收納的可能性，使用的方便性，預計前往的區域環境因素考量。

SUP Width

SUP 寬度

Width is another important factor that affects how the board handles. A wider board will always be more stable than a skinny board, but keep in mind that a wide board can be slower and, if the board is too wide for you, difficult to paddle. SUPs are made in widths ranging from about 25 inches up to 36 inches to accommodate a variety of needs.

寬度也是一個影響操控時的因素，越寬的板子當然能提供更佳的穩定度，但速度也會相對較慢，如果太寬則不好划行。通常板子設計寬度為25英吋至36英吋，滿足各式需求。

When choosing how wide your SUP should be, think about the type of paddling you do, your body type and ability level:

在考慮寬度的同時，也必須考量到你的運動模式、體型以及能力。

• Type of paddling: If you’re going on long tours that require you to carry extra gear, like a cooler of food and a tent, choose a wider board in order to have more storage space. The same is true if you’re doing SUP yoga; a board that is 31 inches wide or more will give you space and stability for doing poses. Narrower boards, on the other hand, are faster and more maneuverable, making them the choice among racers and surfers.

運動模式：如果你偏好長途探索，必須攜帶更多用品，像是食物以及帳篷等等，更寬的板子能給你更多的儲物空間。如果是水上瑜伽建議寬度31英吋或以上，才有足夠的空間跟穩定度。另一方面，較窄的板子靈活度高、速度快，是衝浪者或是競速者的選擇之一。

• Body type: Try to match the width of the SUP to your body type. In general, if you’re a small person, go with a narrower board and if you’re a big person, go with a wider board. This is because a smaller person can generally find their balance on a narrow board, whereas a bigger person may struggle to do so. Also, if you put a smaller person on a board that is too big for them, they have to awkwardly reach out to the side to get their paddle in the water, resulting in an inefficient stroke.

體型：盡量選擇和你體型相符的板子，一般來說體型越小的人選擇窄一點的板身，反之亦然。因為越瘦小的人使用窄板越容易平衡，體型較大的人可能會重心不穩。如果太瘦小的人選擇了寬板，在划行時姿勢必須過度彎曲才能把槳放置水中，使划行的效率大大降低。

• Ability level: If you’ve paddled a lot, you may be comfortable on a narrower, faster SUP. However, someone brand new to SUP, might prefer a little extra width to help them feel more secure.

能力：如果你已經經驗豐富，你可能會選擇較窄的板比較適當，速度感也比較快。對於初學者來說選擇較寬的板子比較容易上手也比較安全。

As with length, width affects the overall volume and weight capacity, so you can select a width with this in mind. For example, if you’ve determined the length you want based on the type of paddling you want to do, you can choose a width.

寬度以及長度都是影響乘載能力的因素，所以在選擇上都要考慮。例如你可以先依照運動類型選擇長度，再考慮寬度及厚度，找尋適合你的乘載數值。

SUP Thickness

SUP 厚度

After finding a board with the length and width that makes the most sense for you and your paddling style, consider a third factor: board thickness.

選擇適合你運動類型的的長度及寬度之後，第三個考慮因素是「厚度」。

The main reason to consider the thickness of a stand up paddle board is because of how it affects the overall volume and weight capacity. If you’re looking at two boards of the same length and width but different thicknesses, the thicker board has more volume than the thinner one and the higher the volume, the more weight it can support.

板子的厚度也是影響乘載能力的因素之一，假設兩塊板子相同長度以及寬度，越厚的板子會有更多的乘載能力。

Here’s how you might use thickness: You’ve determined you want a long, skinny displacement board for cruising fast on flatwater. If you’re a small person, choosing a thin board will keep the overall volume of the board lower so that you’re properly weighting the board for the most efficient performance.

寬度的差異：如果你已經選擇長且窄的板身，便於平靜水域快速划行，越瘦小的人選擇越薄的厚度會使你划行時得到更佳的效益。

SUP Fins

鰭

Fins add tracking and stability to a paddle board. In general, larger fins with wider bases and longer front edges will track straighter and provide more stability than smaller fins. On the other hand, a smaller fin provides better maneuverability. Most fins are removable, so you can swap out fins and take them off for storage.

「鰭」可以幫助你控制路線以及穩定度，一般來說越大的鰭提供較佳的直線的穩定度，但是較小的鰭靈活性較高。大部分的鰭都是可拆式的，依照需求更換即可。

There are many different options for how fins are configured on the bottom of your SUP. Some popular SUP fin configurations include:

鰭也有非常非常多種選擇，以下是一些熱門的樣式：

Single fin: Many SUPs include a single fin placed in a finbox and secured with a nut and screw. The finbox has a channel for the fin to slide back and forth in. The single fin provides good tracking and minimal drag, making it a good choice for flatwater paddling.

單鰭：板子後方底部都會有一個放置鰭的凹槽，大多是使用螺絲以及螺母固定。凹槽可以微調鰭的位置，單鰭能夠提供良好的控制性以及相對較低的阻力，是平靜水域划行的理想選擇。

3-fin setup: Also called a thruster, this setup promotes straight tracking on flatwater and offers good control in surf. All three fins are usually about the same size.

3鰭：也稱之為「Thruster」，提供更佳的方向控制以及易於衝浪，通常三個鰭是相同尺寸。

2+1 setup: This configuration includes a larger center fin with a smaller fin on each side of it. This is a common setup on SUPs designed for surfing.

2+1：這種設置通常是中心較大的鰭配置左右較小的鰭。也是符合衝浪的設計之一。

Fins for inflatable SUPs: Inflatable SUPs can have any of the fin configurations already listed. What sets them apart is that they feature either flexible rubber fins attached to the board or detachable semi-rigid fins.

用於充氣式SUP的鰭：充氣式的SUP適用於以上的設計，但特別的是通常會使用橡膠材質的鰭（方便收納）或是半硬式的鰭。

SUP Extras and Accessories

SUP附加配件

Depending on how you plan to use your SUP, you might want to look for a board with extra features, such as:

依照你運動的方式不同，可能會有其他需要購買的配件如下：

• Bungee straps/tie-down: Sometimes located on the front and/or rear of the board, these stretchy straps or tie-down spots are great for securing dry bags, clothing and coolers.

彈性繩索：通常至於板子前方，這些富有彈性的繩索可以固定防水袋、衣物以及食物。

• Attachment points/mounts: Some boards have specific attachment points for fishing-rod holders, seats, cameras and more. These accessories are typically sold separately.

支架：有些特定用途的板子設計可固定釣魚桿、座椅以及相機腳架等等。特殊用途器具通常都是單獨販售。

After purchasing a SUP, you need just a few more key pieces of equipment to enjoy paddle boarding. These include:

選購完適合你的SUP之後，只需以下配件即可享受SUP的樂趣了！

• Paddle: A SUP paddle looks a bit like a stretched-out canoe paddle with a tear-drop-shaped blade that angles forward for maximum paddling efficiency. The correct length paddle will reach up to your wrist when you stand the paddle up in front of you and raise your arm above your head. Read more about choosing and sizing paddles in our article.

槳：SUP的槳外型長得像獨木舟的槳，槳葉主要為淚滴狀，為了提升划行效率，槳葉跟桿子本身有些微的角度差。

當你把槳葉朝上立於前方，槳葉和桿子的接合處會落在你手肘的位置，即是正確的長度。

• PFD (Personal Flotation Device): The U.S. Coast Guard classifies stand up paddle boards as vessels (when used outside the narrow limits of swimming or surfing areas), so it is required that you wear a PFD. Note that the regulations also require you to always carry a safety whistle and have a light available if you are paddling after sunset.

PFD（個人漂浮裝備）：美國海岸防衛隊將立槳歸類為船隻（在游泳或衝浪區狹窄範圍之外的區域），因此需要攜帶PFD，甚至在日落後需配戴哨子以及燈光。

• Proper clothing: For cool conditions where hypothermia is a concern, wear a wetsuit or dry suit. In milder conditions, wear shorts and a T-shirt or bathing suit — something that moves with you and can get wet and dries quickly.

適當的衣物：在相對低溫的環境下保暖非常重要，尤其加上有落水的可能性，多半穿著潛水衣或是快乾的衣物，在溫和的環境下，短袖短褲或是泳衣即可。

• Leash: Typically sold separately, a leash tethers your SUP to you, keeping it close by if you fall off. Your SUP is a large flotation device, so being attached to it can be important for your safety. There are leashes designed specifically for surf, flatwater and rivers; be sure to purchase the correct one for your intended use.

腳繩：通常單獨出售，長度有多種選擇。落水時腳繩可以確保板子與你的距離不會太遠，也比較不容易傷害到其他人。SUP是一個大型飄浮的設備，所以腳繩對於安全非常重要。也有專門設計用於衝浪、平靜水域和河流的腳繩，購買前請先確認用途。

• Car rack: Unless you have an inflatable SUP, you need a way to transport your board on your vehicle. There are specific SUP racks designed to go on the crossbars of your roof rack, or you can use padding, such as foam blocks, and utility straps to secure the board to the roof of your vehicle.

車頂架：除非你是購買充氣式SUP，否則你需要將板子固定在車上。有專門設計SUP用的架子用於車頂，或是你可以使用軟墊以及繩索固定於車頂。

Contributing Experts

Michaela Carpenter

REI Outdoor School instructor Michaela Carpenter teaches stand up paddle boarding and kayaking. An American Canoe Association Level 2 kayaking instructor, she taught kayaking through the University of Maryland prior to joining the co-op staff.