Sep 27, 2020
Book for Everybody and Nobody: Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Thus Spoke Zarathustra is written by Friedrich Nietzsche in between 1883 and 1885. The original novel was written in German but throughout history, it translated into many languages. Much of the novel contains thoughts such as the eternal replication of incidents, the illustration on the death of God, and the oracle of the superman. Nietzsche mentions his book as, “A book for everyone and nobody”. He also mentions that phrase in his “The Gay Science” novel. Nietzsche kept on underlining his philosophical concerns; for the most part, his goal was to show an option in contrast to harsh moral codes and to turn away “nihilism” in the entirety of its changed structures. Friedrich Nietzsche used and embraced nihilism, criticism of Christianity, and anti-feminism themes due to his conservative style education system and his priest father, Aristotle’s ideology of women, Hegel and Hegelian historicism ideology which shaped Nietzsche’s conception; meanwhile, Nietzsche’s perception to Greek mythology shaped his writings and later, famous, and reputable writers such as Albert Camus and Jan-Paul Sartre, Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler affected by his ideology and thoughts.
Nietzsche has affected by his priest father, conservative education style, Aristotle’s ideology of women, Hegel, and Hegelian historicism ideology. His father was a priest who dedicated his life to Christianity. Therefore, Nietzsche has sent to conservative schools for education. From Nietzsche’s point of view, the “God is Dead” idea comes from this pressure. “Nietzsche sees in schooling a derivative activity that cannot sustain his radical views of the human self. He cannot, for example, imagine an education that would cultivate human beings who are truly “cultured” (Bingham, 337). Nietzsche’s nihilism approach is shown in “Thus Spoke Zarathustra” due to his radicalism and denial of God. This attitude comes from the hatred of religions and schools which are narrowed in terms of thinking power. “Nietzsche’s critique of modernity is focused on his critiques of the continuing and often surreptitious influences of Platonism and Christian morality. These critiques, and to a lesser degree also his new methodology of critique, are featured in Zarathustra” (Burnham, 2010). Nietzsche also denied and interposed to Hegel and Hegelian historicism. This approach shaped his novels and let him drag his ideas to radicalism. “Modern ideologies, enframed within Hegelian historicism, are illusory and no longer admirable practices. They are now seen as major sources of the on-going destructive and denigrating activities of the present-day. They are the encroaching seeds of nihilism. Nietzsche, through the historical consciousness of “eternal return,” seeks to overcome the modern nihilistic tendencies” (Cristante, 305). In addition to his interpose to Hegel, Nietzsche showed similarity with Aristotle’s perception of women in his novels. Some scholars think that Nietzsche has embraced and affected by Aristotle’s point of view. Aristotle claims that “Women are defective males” and we see in Nietzsche’s novels that, there is a mass hatred and commodify for the women which makes scholars think that Nietzsche has influenced by Aristotle’s point of view.
Friedrich Nietzsche’s perception of Greek mythology shaped his anti-feminism ideology. His mentality can now and again be stigmatizing: “From the beginning, nothing has been more alien, repugnant, and hostile to woman than truth — her great art is the lie, her highest concern is mere appearance and beauty” (Nietzsche, 98). In segment 6 in “Why I Write Such Excellent Books” of Ecce Homo, he asserts that “decency” in ladies is an indication of “physiological degeneration”, and that ladies are in general cleverer and more devilish than men-which in Nietzsche’s view, comprises a compliment. However, he proceeds to guarantee that the liberation of women, and women’s activists, was simply the disdain of certain ladies against other ladies, who were truly better comprised and ready to nurture children. Nietzsche has also affected by Greek mythology and used names and characters for his protagonist many times. In his “Thus Spoke Zarathustra” novel, the protagonist “Pana” was first seen in Greek feminist propaganda. Greek God Pana is represented and labeled as an evil character in Greek mythology. Therefore, Nietzsche affected and used the same character for his novel. “Name Pana that Nietzsche uses in his later Zarathustra drafts is also suggestive of Pandora, the first woman created by Zeus to torment mankind for having accepted Prometheus’s gifts on fire” (Allison, 158).
Nietzsche’s ideology influenced many reputable and famous writers such as Albert Camus and Jan-Paul Sartre, Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler. Nietzsche once composed that a few men are born after death, and that is unquestionably obvious for his situation. The historical backdrop of theology, philosophy, and psychology since the mid-twentieth century is ambiguous without him. The German scholars Max Scheler, Karl Jaspers, and Martin Heidegger worked in his obligation, for instance, as did the French rationalists Albert Camus, Jacques Derrida, and Michel Foucault. Existentialism and deconstruction, a development in reasoning and artistic analysis, owe a lot to him. The scholars Paul Tillich and Lev Shestov recognized their obligation, as did the “God is dead” scholar Thomas J.J. Altizer; Martin Buber, Judaism’s most prominent twentieth-century mastermind, considered Nietzsche as a real part of the three most-significant impacts throughout his life and interpreted the first part of Zarathustra into Polish. The analysts Alfred Adler and Carl Jung were profoundly affected, as was Sigmund Freud, who said of Nietzsche that he had a more-infiltrating comprehension of himself than any man who ever lived or was ever liable to live. “Nietzsche’s great influence is due not only to his originality but also to the fact that he was one of the German language’s most-brilliant prose writers.” (Magnus, 2020).
To sum up, Friedrich Nietzsche utilized and grasped nihilism, denial of Christianity, and anti-feminism topics because of his religionist school style education and his religious father, Aristotle’s point of view to women, Hegel and Hegelian historicism belief system which formed Nietzsche’s ideology; meanwhile, Nietzsche’s affection from Greek mythology shaped his writings and Nietzche influenced the literary world representatives such as Albert Camus, Jan-Paul Sartre, Sigmund Freud, and Alfred Adler.
