Operation System
Operating system (OS) manages all other applications and programs on the computer and is loaded onto the computer by the startup program. It allows applications to interact with the computer’s hardware. Through the specified application program interface, application programs request services from the operating system’s “API”. Kernel is the software that contains the main components of the operating system. To run other programs, each computer must have at least one operating system installed. Windows, Linux, and Android are examples of operating systems that allow users to use programs like MS Office, Notepad, and games on a computer or mobile phone. At least one operating system must be installed on a computer to run basic programs such as a browser.
History of Operating Systems
The first computer, the Z1, was produced in 1936–1938. Unfortunately, this computer is running without an operating system.
Twenty years later, the first operating system was created in 1956.
In the 1960s, Bell Labs started building UNIX, the first multitasking operating system.
In 1977, the Apple line was born. Apple Dos 3.3 was the first disk-based operating system.
In 1981, Microsoft built the first operating system called DOS by purchasing 86 — DOS software from a Seattle company.
The most famous Microsoft windows dates back to 1985 when MS-DOS was combined with a GUI, a graphical environment.
Functions of Operating System
CPU Management: An operating system manages the work of the CPU by allocating different tasks to it and ensuring that each process gets enough time for the CPU to function properly.
Memory management: One operating system manages the allocation and release of memory for different processes and ensures that the other process does not consume the memory allocated to one process.
Equipment management: There are different input and output devices. An operating system controls the operation of these input-output devices. It receives requests from these devices, performs a specific task, and communicates with the request process.
File management: An operating system keeps track of information related to file creation, deletion, transmission, copying, and storage in an organized manner. It also maintains the integrity of the data stored in these files, including the file directory structure, protecting against unauthorized access.
Guard: The operating system provides various techniques to ensure the integrity and security of user data. The following security measures are used to protect user data.
Error detection: From time to time, the operating system will check the system for any external threats or malware activity. It also checks the hardware for any kind of damage. This process displays several warnings to the user so that appropriate action can be taken on any damage caused to the system.
Features of Operating Systems
Here is a list of some important features of operating systems:
Provides a platform for running applications
Handles memory management and CPU scheduling
Provides file system abstraction
Provides networking support
Provides security features
Provides user interface
Provides utilities and system services
Supports application development.
IOS Operation System
The iOS operating system was first released in 2007 for the first generation iPhone. It also currently supports many Apple devices, such as the iPod Touch, iPad, and Apple TV. Now it has become a mobile operating system for Apple mobile devices. iOS is based on Macintosh OS X and supports Swift, C, C++, and Objective-C programming languages. iOS provides a multi-touch interface for operating iOS devices.
For example, you can slide your finger across the screen to go to the next page, or pinch the screen to zoom in or out. Apple releases a new major version of iOS every year. While iOS comes with a number of default apps including the Safari web browser, email client, iStore, iBooks, iTunes, phone apps, and more, as of March 2018, Apple’s App Store Powered over 2.1 million iOS apps and over 130 billion hits. These mobile applications have been downloaded.
iOS is one of the most popular mobile operating systems developed and created by Apple Inc. An iOS device is an electronic gadget that runs on iOS. Apple iOS devices include:
iPad, iPod Touch and iPhone. iOS is the second most popular mobile operating system after Android. Over the years, Android and iOS devices have competed a lot for a higher market share.
Apple provides the following list of iOS devices that run on the following mobile platform operating systems:
iPhone 7 Plus, iPhone 6S, iPhone SE, iPhone 6S Plus and iPhone 7 other older iOS devices developed and discontinued by Apple including; iPhone (1st generation), iPhone 3GS, iPhone 3G, iPhone 5S, iPhone 4S, iPhone 4, iPhone 5C, iPhone 5, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6.
iPhone operating system (iOS) is Apple’s operating system to run its smartphones for iPhone, it is one of the most powerful operating systems.
iOS provides users with many features that allow the iPhone to work very efficiently. It is the operating system of other Apple devices such as the iPad and iPod Touch.
iOS is the program responsible for all processes occurring in the device such as clicking, dragging and running other applications on the device and the content displayed on the screen, instant messages, calls and other activities. other actions performed by this system.
History of IOS
Like any other decades-old technology, iOS has undergone many changes. Let’s list the most important and prominent milestones of iOS technology.
Apple’s first iOS SDK was released on March 6, 2008.
The version was originally called iPhone OS, which was later replaced by iOS on June 7, 2010.
iPhone OS 1 was released on March 6, 2008 and was the first version of the popular operating system. Support for iPhone OS 1 ended after two years, i.e. 2010.
iPhone OS 2 is, as the name suggests, the second major version of iOS. This version was created with the iPhone 3G, and anyone with an earlier version can easily upgrade to the latest version. Additionally, this release introduced the App Store, which becomes the new app installation hub. A new SDK has also been released to developers with support ending in 2011. The third major release is Apple iOS 3. It was released in June 2009 and support ended at the end of 2012. New features like copy, paste, etc. added to the operating system.
The next version was iOS 4 and was released on June 21, 2010. Obviously, this is one of the great iOS releases as it removes support for older devices instead supporting the latest devices capable of multitasking.
iOS 5 was released on June 6, 2001. It supports iPad Touch (3rd generation) and iPad (1st generation).
iOS 6 was released on September 19, 2012 for 4th generation Apple devices.
iOS 7 was released on September 18, 2013. It supports two new Apple phones, Apple iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C.
Just like the old version, iOS 8 was released on September 9, 2014 with support for their flagship phones iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus. They dropped support for older devices.
The latest version of Apple iOS is iOS 9 which was released to the public on September 16, 2015. Apple changed the way they support legacy hardware and iOS 9 became Apple’s first operating system to support a fee. 22 devices.
Architecture of IOS Operating System
iOS is a mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad and other Apple mobile devices. iOS is the second most popular and widely used mobile operating system after Android.
The structure of the iOS operating system is based on classes. His communication does not happen directly. The layer between the application layer and the hardware layer helps to communicate. The lower level provides the basic services that all applications rely on, and the higher level layers provide graphics and interface related services. Most system interfaces come with a special package called a framework.
Framework is a directory of shared dynamic libraries such as .a files, header files, images, and library-enabled helper applications. Each class has a set of useful frameworks for developers.
Features of iOS Operating System
Let’s discuss some of the popular features of the iOS operating system:
The iOS operating system offers superior security compared to any other operating system.
Apple’s iCloud service provides online data storage. iOS has a default web browser like Safari.
iOS makes it easy to bring social media activity into apps by showing an activity feed and shares.
As the default map provider for iOS devices, Apple provides the Maps online mapping service. Several functions are available, including hover mode.
The iOS operating system has a very powerful camera. iOS also allows a user interface that includes many gestures like tap, swipe, pinch, reverse pinch, etc.
iOS has a feature called Notification Center that collects all your app alerts in one place. It shows notifications until the user takes a relevant action, instead of asking for an urgent solution.
Applications of IOS Operating System
There are different apps for the iOS operating system. Some of the main iOS apps are described below:
The iOS operating system, which is commercially owned by Apple Inc., is renowned for its security.
The Swift programming language is used to develop applications that work on the iOS operating system.
Apple’s iOS operating system comes with pre-installed apps including Maps, Mail, Music, TV, Health, Wallet, and many more uniquely developed by Apple.
The iOS operating system provides multitasking functionality. Using multi-finger gestures on iPad or multitasking on iOS-enabled devices, you can quickly switch between apps.
Advantages of IOS Operating System
Good performance: iPhone has better CPU and GPU, consumes less battery and gives maximum performance. The new iPhone processor can handle 2.7 billion instructions per second.
Sound quality: Apple iPhone comes with good sound quality of mic, speaker and speakerphone. You won’t feel any harsh sound from the speaker and mic.
No app crashes: All apps from Apple’s App Store go through a rigorous approval process. Only apps with good performance scores will be approved. So there is very little chance of the app crashing. All apps are also regularly updated to fix any future problems.
Graphics: One of my personal favorites among iOS features is the high-quality graphics and crisp imagery.
Smooth Running: iPhones are generally preferred over androids due to their smooth operation and backup features.
Disadvantages of IOS Operating System
Although the iOS operating system has many advantages, here are some disadvantages of iOS
Flexibility : It is not flexible since only iOS devices are supported to use ios os.
High Price Point:While androids are more cost-friendly, iOS devices are heavy on the pocket and their repair costs are very pricy.
Limited Storage: iOS devices have increased storage but for a higher price point. The storage space of a given device is not customizable
Difference between iOS and Android:
S.No. IOS ANDROID
- It is developed and owned by Apple Incorporation. It is developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance and is owned by Google LLC.
2. IOS was originally released on July 29, 2007 Google was initially released on September 23, 2008.
3. When iOS released the first version was iPhone OS 1 before it was called IOS. When Google released the first version of Android 1.0, Alpha.
4. Launched in 2007. Launched in 2008. 5. Its target system types are smartphones, music players and tablets. Its target system types are smartphones and tablets.
6. It is specially designed for Apple iPhone and iPad. It is designed for smartphones of all companies.
7. Its core type is hybrid. Its kernel type is based on Linux.
8. His preferred licenses are the proprietary, APSL and GNU GPL licenses. It has the Apache 2.0 and GNU GPLv2 preferred license.
9. It is mainly written in C, C++, Objective-C, assembly language and Swift. It is written in C, C++, Java and other languages. 10. Its update manager is software update. Its update manager is system software updates.
Conclusion
iOS, formerly known as iPhone OS or iPhone Operating System, is Apple’s mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc.
iOS is based on Macintosh OS X and supports Swift, C, C++, and Objective-C programming languages.
The iOS operating system is built on a layered architecture and has no direct means of communication.
The iOS operating system offers superior security compared to any other operating system.
After Android, iOS is that the second hottest and wide used mobile software system.
BY: Jawad EE-22019