Jean Shifrin

…alizes stereotypes about social groups, we do not all occupy the same position in the racial order. When members of a so-called racial group are able to impose their prejudices in ways that reliably benefit them and disadvantage others, they have managed to successfully institutionalize their racist beliefs and protect their racial privileges. “Institutional racism” consists of racist ideas and practices embedded within social organizations …

… managed to successfully institutionalize their racist beliefs and protect their racial privileges. “Institutional racism” consists of racist ideas and practices embedded within social organizations and institutions (for example, policies, laws, families, education). The major insight about systemic and institutional racism is that there is no such thing as “a litt…