DESN 350: Aperture, Shutter speed, ISO

Aperture, shutter speed, and ISO influences each other and reducing one component means increasing another.

Aperture

Aperture is a hole through which light travels. It is measured in F-stops which can be seen as the size of the camera hole. The lower the F-stop the wider the opening of the aperture. The higher the F-stop the smaller the opening of the aperture. A large aperture allows a lot more light onto the sensor which can allow you to capture fast action shots. When the aperture is wide open, less time is required for good exposure because more light will reach your lens this results in fast shutter speed.

https://digital-photography-school.com/the-beauty-of-large-aperture-in-digital-photography/

This photo has small aperture.

This photo has large aperture.

Shutter speed

Shutter speed is the length of time when the digital sensor in a camera is exposed to light. Shutter speed is responsible for changing the brightness of the photo and creating dramatic effects by freezing or blurring motion. In other words it is how long your camera spends taking a photo. The slower the shutter speed the more noticeable the camera shake can be and so it is advised to use a tripod.

https://photographylife.com/what-is-shutter-speed-in-photography

I took this photo with a shutter speed of 1/80.

ISO

(International Standards Organization) is a camera setting that will brighten or darken a photo. Increase your ISO number and your photos will grow brighter. ISO 100 should be used in bright situations and ISO 400 should be used in darker situations. The higher the ISO the more sensitive the sensor is to light. The lower the ISO the less sensitive the sensor is to light.

https://digital-photography-school.com/iso-settings/

I took this photo with a ISO of 100 because it was a very bright day outside. Using a low ISO allowed me to capture more detail in this photo.

Depth of field

Depth of field is the distance between the closest and farthest objects in a photo that appears acceptably sharp. Aperture, distance from subject, and the focal length of your lens will control your depth of field in a photograph. A bigger depth of field will give your photograph clear focus while a small depth of field will make your main object very sharp while the background is blurred.

https://digital-photography-school.com/understanding-depth-field-beginners/

This photo has a very shallow depth of field.

Dynamic range

Dynamic range is the difference between the brightest and darkest areas in a photograph. On a bright sunny day the dynamic range would be large. Different cameras will have a bigger or smaller dynamic range. If the dynamic range of the subject exceeds the dynamic range of the camera then your photo will be under or over exposed.

https://digital-photography-school.com/understanding-dynamic-range-photography/

In low light conditions the dynamic range is small.