Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Atomic Bomb Dome) Guide for International Visitors

What is the Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Atomic Bomb Dome)?

The Hiroshima Peace Memorial, commonly known as the Atomic Bomb Dome, is a historic site near the epicenter of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Originally serving as the Hiroshima Prefectural Industrial Promotion Hall, the building miraculously remained partially standing despite being only 160 meters from the bomb’s hypocenter. Preserved as a symbol of the devastating power of nuclear weapons and the enduring hope for peace, it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.

Historical Background

Designed by Czech architect Jan Letzel and completed in 1915, the building initially functioned as the Hiroshima Prefectural Commercial Exhibition Hall. Later renamed the Hiroshima Prefectural Industrial Promotion Hall, it played a vital role in promoting local industry. However, on the morning of August 6, 1945, Hiroshima was devastated by an atomic bomb, resulting in the deaths of approximately 140,000 people. Despite the blast, the hall’s structure remained largely intact, leading to its preservation as a memorial after the war.

Key Points for Your Visit

1. Peace Memorial Park

The Atomic Bomb Dome is part of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park, which is dedicated to remembering the victims of the atomic bomb and promoting world peace. The park features several important monuments, including the Cenotaph for the A-Bomb Victims, the Peace Bell, and the Children’s Peace Monument. The Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum, located within the park, is a must-visit to learn about the history and impact of the atomic bombing.

Main Attractions

- **Cenotaph for the A-Bomb Victims**: A monument that lists the names of all known victims of the atomic bomb. A ceremony is held here every year on August 6.
- **Peace Bell**: Visitors can ring this bell to express their hopes for world peace.
- **Children’s Peace Monument**: Dedicated to the memory of the children who died as a result of the bombing.

2. Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum

The Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum is a profound and moving experience, offering extensive exhibits on the atomic bombing. The museum displays personal belongings of the victims, photographs, and video testimonies, providing a comprehensive understanding of the event’s impact.

Exhibits

- Artifacts: Items such as clothing and everyday objects that belonged to the victims.
- Photographs: Images capturing the immediate aftermath of the bombing and the suffering of the survivors.
- Video Testimonies: Documentaries and survivor testimonies detailing their experiences and the long-term effects of the bomb.

3. Peace Memorial Ceremony

Every year on August 6, Hiroshima hosts a Peace Memorial Ceremony attended by people from around the world to honor the victims and pray for peace. The ceremony includes a moment of silence at 8:15 AM, the exact time of the bomb’s detonation, and features speeches by the Hiroshima mayor and other dignitaries.

Ceremony Schedule

- **Ringing of the Peace Bell**: Marks the beginning of the ceremony.
- **Moment of Silence**: Observed at 8:15 AM.
- **Peace Declaration**: Delivered by the Mayor of Hiroshima.
- **Wreath Laying**: Participants lay wreaths at the cenotaph.

4. Guided Tours

To gain a deeper understanding of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial and Peace Memorial Park, consider joining a guided tour. Many guides speak English and provide detailed explanations of the historical context and significance of each site. Some tours also include personal testimonies from survivors, offering a unique and moving perspective.

Tour Highlights

- History of the Atomic Bomb Dome: Guides explain the building’s history and preservation efforts.
- Peace Memorial Park: Detailed explanations of the various monuments and their significance.
- Survivor Testimonies: Opportunity to hear firsthand accounts from atomic bomb survivors.

Preparing for Your Visit

1. What to Wear and Bring

Hiroshima experiences a range of weather conditions throughout the year. Summers can be extremely hot, and winters are cold, so dress appropriately for the season. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended, as you will be walking extensively within the park. Additionally, bring a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen to protect against the sun.

2. Getting There

The Hiroshima Peace Memorial is centrally located and easily accessible. From Hiroshima Station, take the streetcar (Hiroden) and get off at the “Genbaku Dome-mae” stop. Alternatively, you can use local sightseeing buses or rent bicycles to explore the city.

Access to Hiroshima

• By Air: Hiroshima Airport offers limousine bus services to Hiroshima city center.
  - By Shinkansen: Convenient bullet train services connect Hiroshima with major cities like Tokyo and Osaka.

In Conclusion

The Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Atomic Bomb Dome) stands as a powerful reminder of the devastating consequences of nuclear warfare and the enduring importance of peace. Visiting this historic site provides a profound opportunity to reflect on the past and commit to a peaceful future. When in Hiroshima, ensure you take the time to explore this significant landmark and the surrounding Peace Memorial Park.