Some of the main reasons for test flakiness:
- Timing Issues: Tests that depend on timing (e.g., waiting for a page to load, a process to complete, or an API call to return) can be flaky if the timing is not consistent across runs. This can be due to network issues, server load, or other external factors that can cause delays.
- Non-deterministic Behavior: Tests that have non-deterministic behavior can produce different results each time they are run, leading to flakiness. This can be caused by randomization, concurrency issues, or other factors that make the test output unpredictable.
- Environment Dependencies: Tests that rely on specific configurations or environments can be flaky if those dependencies are not consistent across runs. This can be due to differences in hardware, software, or other environmental factors that can cause variations in the test output.
- Test Data: Tests that rely on data can be flaky if the data changes or is inconsistent across runs. This can be caused by data corruption, data loss, or other factors that affect the data being used by the tests.
- Resource Contention: Tests that compete for resources (e.g., network bandwidth, CPU time, or memory) can be flaky if those resources are not available or are being used by other tests or processes. This can be caused by tests running in parallel or by other external factors that affect resource availability.
- Test Design: Tests that are poorly designed or…
