TORA (Takeoff Run Available), TODA (Takeoff Distance Available), ASDA (Accelerate-Stop Distance Available), LDA (Landing Distance Available), SWY (Stopway), and CWY (Clearway) are critical terms in aviation, primarily associated with runway design and safety.
TORA (Takeoff Run Available): TORA represents the length of the runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aircraft during takeoff. It includes the paved runway length and any clearway or stopway if applicable.
TODA (Takeoff Distance Available): TODA extends beyond TORA and includes the entire length of the runway, including any clearway. It represents the total distance available for an aircraft to accelerate to takeoff speed and safely take off, including the ground run, clearway, and any additional distance.
ASDA (Accelerate-Stop Distance Available): ASDA is the total runway length, including any clearway or stopway, which an aircraft can use for both acceleration to takeoff speed and, in case of an aborted takeoff, the distance required to safely stop the aircraft. It ensures that an aircraft can stop within the available runway length.
LDA (Landing Distance Available): LDA is the usable length of the runway available for an aircraft to land safely. It takes into account any displaced threshold or obstacles at the approach end of the runway, representing the actual length that can be used for landing.
SWY (Stopway): A stopway is an area beyond the runway’s end that provides extra space for an aircraft to stop safely in case of an aborted takeoff. Unlike a clearway, it is not intended for the aircraft to accelerate during takeoff.
CWY (Clearway): A clearway is an area beyond the runway’s end that allows an aircraft to accelerate and climb during takeoff in a clear, obstruction-free path. It enhances the takeoff performance and is typically used in larger airports where obstacles may exist.
These terms are crucial for pilots, air traffic controllers, and airport planners to ensure safe takeoffs and landings, especially in situations where runway length and available distances can impact an aircraft’s performance and safety margins.
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