4 Types of Writing (With Examples)

There are four main types of writing styles. Each has a distinct purpose.

• expository — Write in this style to explain or expose a topic.
• narrative — Write in this style to tell a story.
• persuasive — Write in this style to convince the reader of something.
• descriptive — Write in this style to create an image in the reader’s mind.

The key to knowing when and how to use these styles is mostly about being aware of what you want to convey to your reader.

Furthermore, what are the 4 main purposes of writing?

These are to inform, to explain, to narrate, and to persuade. There are other purposes for writing as well, but these four are emphasized to best prepare students for college and career readiness.

1.Expository Writing

Before we explore the basic tenets of expository writing, let’s look at what exposition means. At its simplest, it means explaining something. The purpose of the expository writing style is to enlighten or instruct. In other words, it means to present an idea or relevant discussion that helps explain or analyze information. Some of the most common examples of expository writing include scientific reports, academic essays and magazine articles.

An expository writer can’t assume that potential readers have prior knowledge or understanding about the information that they present. It’s best to avoid beating around the bush and highlight things as they are. The main features of expository writing style include the following:

• It needs to be informative and highlight relevant details for better understanding.
• There should be clarity and an expository writer should know what they’re talking about.
• Well-written expository pieces continue to focus on the main topic and list events in an organized manner.
• The use of the first-person narrative should be avoided; instead, second-person instruction is much more effective.
• It should steer clear of personal thoughts and opinions and present an unbiased version of the information.

2. Narrative Writing (Tell a Story)

Narrative writing tells a story, real or fictional. Whether or not the events described really happened, this type of writing is all about presenting the story in a way that readers will enjoy and understand. The events don’t have to happen in chronological order, but they must capture and hold the reader’s attention.

Types of Narrative Writing

Narrative writing can take many forms. It can be your own story, such as a memoir or a personal essay. It can also be the story of a historical event or a work of fiction, such as a short story or novel.

Tips for Writing in the Narrative Style

If you’re writing a narrative, keep in mind that you are telling a story. It is advisable to start in the middle of the action that will keep your readers engaged.

For example;

He threw the document at me and told me to get lost. Saying it was people like me who’d never make it in life. He sounded so sure and I wondered if he was my creator. And what was my offense?…

Then you can start building the back story that lead to the main action.

• Include all the pieces of the story. How did it start? What happened to make it exciting? How did it end?
• Know why you’re telling the story. Even though the story is the purpose, keep your reason for telling it in mind.
• Keep the point of view consistent throughout the story.
• Stick to the story. Avoid extraneous details that will distract the reader.

3. Persuasive Writing ( Convince the Reader)

Persuasive writing is unique because it has a very clear and important purpose: convincing the reader to do something or think something. To succeed at this type of writing, you need a clear goal. Know what you want the reader to do or believe after reading your work.

Types of Persuasive Writing

Any writing designed to sell readers on something is an example of persuasive writing. It can take many forms.

• advertisements
• business proposals
• college admissions essays
• cover letters
• elevator pitches
• letters of recommendation
• opinion/editorial articles
• product reviews
• sales pitches

Persuasive Writing Example

Listen…

Persuasive writing is only successful if you are clear about your goal and then support that goal with relevant points. This builds a case for your reader.

4. Descriptive Writing (Form a Picture for the Reader)

This type of writing is about sharing perspective. In effective descriptive writing, you create a picture in the reader’s mind using your descriptions. Often, this type of writing includes vivid imagery and involves many of the five senses.

Types of Descriptive Writing

Descriptive writing can be fiction or nonfiction. It often uses figurative language, but also provides concrete information. There are many types of descriptive writing.

• first-person accounts
• freewriting
• journal writing
• poetry
• product descriptions
• reflective writing
• statement of teaching philosophy
• travel writing

Descriptive Writing Example

An example of descriptive text can help you understand how this type of writing works. Bringing in sensory details can create a much more vivid picture for the reader.

Peruse a few brief examples of descriptive writing…

The hiking trail appeared very well kept. The gravel trail was even, with no accumulation of leaves or debris. Trees lined both sides of the trail. She could make out the river just to the east of the trees.

Tips for Writing in the Descriptive Style

When you use this style of writing, you are creating an image for your reader. Don’t include details that distract the reader from the image you are creating.

• Before you begin your description, imagine you’re in the scene. Consider what you experience with your senses.
• Use sensory descriptions instead of adverbs as much as possible.
• This writing style requires thought, so take your time.
• Focus on details that are important to the story.

Finally, please understand…

Each Type of Writing Style Has a Purpose

Keep that purpose in mind when you choose the style for your writing. Then, consider closely related elements like examples of tone and examples of mood to help convey your message to readers in an appropriate manner. Vary the literary devices you use, adjusting as needed for different types of writing.

Stay intentional,

Landrine Tabi