Week 6: Cicero and Catalina the Deliberative match off

Lucia (Loui) the Greatest

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Feb 23, 2017 · 22 min read

Thursday January 17, 2017 1:15 -Lecture

Roman Portraiture- one of the most significant periods of development of portrait art. Originally coming from Ancient Rome seen in all 3 leaders discussed in the prior entry.

1. Alexander the Great
2. Octavian Augustus
3. Trajan

Portiuture in its early development was phenomenon that put individuals face to face with how they appear and look. This kind of art expression had the opportunity to build up or tear down one’s own ego. The timeless need to be self assured and captured is still relevant in dealing with leaders and key influencers. Even in this time period, portraits are taken to convey what one sees as an adequate representation of themselves. The main outlet used by our peers today is obviously displayed on social media. Facebook, Instagram, Myspace, and Twitter just to name a few all offer features devoted to enhancing and providing you with the vast tools needed to capture you in your own personal best light.

Inner thoughts: This kind of reminds me about the media control some celebrities have when it comes to what exactly is put out into the world about them. Beyoncé is one of the best at controlling her media image, some have even said that she has gone as far as contracts and clauses that ensure utter anonymity and discretion to anyone she does business with. Arianna Grande was also featured for only wanting to have the right side of her face snapped, this was because of her one sided dimple that she just had to have in every picture ever seen of her.

How does our interest come across on these outlets?

Showing the best versions of yourself while appearing in a portrait can be done on countless levels. From the background, to the poise of one’s hand to to the very outfit of the personas we wish to appear in our own personal versions of perfection, the capturing of such a moment takes much time, though and devotion. The right look, nod, tilt and shake go into taking an unforgettable figure.

Donald Trump even takes advantage of the tradition of prostitute on his controversial twitter page. Photos are specifically chosen either by him or the White house media staff to convey an attitude of trust — to the American people and a “lets get down to business” brow furlough. Although his physical facial features are often the butt of many comedic jokes, his hair and facial pleasantness has been accessed. The gray specs are to represent a sense of wisdom in this journey to steer the ship that is the United States. The lips tight and pursed maybe an attempt to convey a message of sincerity and attention.

Ethos-How one’s character is seen across the collection of their portraits.

Current events TIME cover seems to be on the same page about the importance of a background and events around a ruler.

Alexander the Great :

Kicked off the tradition of charisma and public image construction. In times before it was still done, but more indirectly, but Alex was the most famous in showing off his living self throughout monuments and dedications. He showed himself a larger than life personality who. His life in 4th century was one to revered because he was able to conquer his entire land before the age of 32. So that means at our own age he was given an infant Macedonian nation, essentially the new kids on the Block after his father Phillip. So good that Alex wondered if he would even get his shot at thrown and becoming a conqueror. It has even been rumored that he assisted in the platted assassination of his gather at that time.

This was the beginning in interest of becoming an ethereal power amongst the Greeks. This altruistic attitude towards a powerful leader allows a campaign for further expansion and invasion of Persia even. Pay back for the battle of Thermopylae, after 100’s of years. His conquest is what initially started the enormous rise to power in his empire, hence the place Alexandria. There are dozens of Alexandria’s known in the known world, Kandahar, is another name for Alexander. The conqueror who paved the way for the expansion of Greek culture.

Current events the Japanese seem to be over the American Atomic Bomb drop, in this world we seem to have a fresher and more forgiving approach to history.

Alex’s anisole, a little whimsical touch to attune to the untamed and unconventional character of someone. Described as having Leonine locks that embrace a passion and intensity. He also doesn’t have a helmet on which may be an attest to his emotional wrath and on his chest is the face of a Groan. Medusa is the most famous Gorgon, this creature is meant to be apotropaic (turning away from something), warding off evil within a singular symbol. Looking at it could reduce someone to stone so the symbol is a sort of protective measure. The entity needs to see it a become frightened or intimidated

Pollitt article in which he discussed the royal portrait. It becomes a light obsession, the pose, the outfit the seasons being represented. All these details become things that matter to the artists. The various versions and portals taken play a key role in the message being historically sent. The specific looks for Alex, his hair, his posture — the neck direction and turn that gives him an upper melting liquid gaze. This glance is to represent a divine and sexual passion that literally stops people in their tracks — blue steel by Zoo lander.

But when it comes to the positioning of Alexander the Great his expression appears to have a pouty and lascivious motion. The come hither look right before he is able to even utter a single world.

Abilities:

• to charm his followers in the same way a lover does to their beloved. His accomplishment was in his ability to convince his troops into traveling further and further in the interest of expansion. His personality was what was able to push him and his people to the boundaries.

The show the crown, Winston Churchill’s portrait that greatly upset him and how he saw himself. This old and aging picture showed him at a point that he did not considers his most important. There is only a surviving representation sketch that captures the image.

The excerpt that explains his upward tilt pretty much personifies him as the character in charge of the Earth rather than Zeus and his Olympus.Herakles — representation in self portraits and mythology — which is then followed with a representation to of title. (excellence, awesomeness).

• mainly valor in battle — a willingness to fight (seen in the mosaic towards Darius — striving and always going at it with a high intensity. Focused on the best and pushing to the best you can be.

When portraying who you are what are some elemental themes of positioning, associations and attitude. What is the best arrangement of things that represent you, explain what you would want your portrait to represent of you? Are a semi divine being who enjoys basking in the light What revelations of yourself would you have to exude your intrinsic quality. What about the back story to you identify can best communicate the you factor? the gaze that you hav on your face

Friday, February 17, 2017-Overlooking the Reservoir -1:00

Woke up at 5 am fuming! I had gone to sleep watching so many media outlets take on the current administrations attitude. This press conference was literally everyone’s greatest fear coming into the light. This man, known as our president had heated words with the media …. not a world leader, not a terrorist group or even political contenders, but with the media. Essentially us, he had a problem with the questions we as a people had for him! Granted, I get it, as a leader questions and comments about certain actions may not rub one the right way but that is completely different from blatant attitude and irritation towards the very people who elected him. Not only does he criticize one of the most fundamental rights given to Americans, his adjacent rhetoric pertaining to fake news, is unsupported, ignorant and just a pivotal tactic used to avoid the real questions. During the campaign he promised certain contingencies like transparency and honesty, so far his transparency” has shown me one thing — that we have a completely unskilled and comical voice speaking for America now Journalists and columnists all looking to seed the civil unrest and feeling up discomfort when it comes to our president.

AND THEN I SAW THIS ….

Ruby Brides? …. really? I don’t know if this is such a sting to my heart because this is currently Black History Month, or because I go to an HBCU, but nonetheless I found myself literally crying over the regressive mindset of those we expect to make new policy. Education is particularly sensitive because it governs and constitutes the manner in which future minds are shaped. These minds have the opportunity to field innovative and humanitarian thought measures but are also very susceptible to misconceptions and biased views when it comes to history. In a way I think my emotion stems from sheer absurdity of it all. I plan to work with children in various socioeconomic settings with various learning disabilities, I feel now, more than ever that I MUST fight for progression and awareness in my field.

I basically had a mini coming of age moment in my dorm room. I can’t bear to just get a degree; I have to do something now. With his resolution I made a promise to myself to aim to make impact every single day. Balancing my desired contributions to along with my goals in my life story’s ca work together in a healthy prosperous relationship.

Player #2: Lucius Sergio’s Catalina (Catalina)

— Born into a fiscally dwindling aristocracy in Rome. Past relation to a consul seat, Gnaeus Sergio’s Filenes Coxo (I)

— Revile military commander who participated in both the Social War and in the prosecutions demanded by Sulla.

• Social War -alongside Pompey’s (greatly honored Roman war general who landed Rome with many victories)
• Sulla’s proscriptions — rumored to have killed his half brother, wife and child in pursuit of marrying Aurelia Forestall , related to the current holding consul man. Eventually committed adultery with Fabia , Cicero’s half sister but was equitted .

— Governor of Africa- eventually received blowback for salatious acts while in office and various forms of expression were seen to the majority as an abuse of power. (ii.)

— He proclaimed that he was the “ Champion for the Poor “ with this rhetoric and intrinsic perspective he attracted many followers ready to seek out instant gratification for what they felt most passionate about, their money and status. He proclaimed and promised many that their time would soon come following the dismantling of the current system. Supported Sula the dictator and supported political killing for money , the wild guy of the his time , very controversial lifestyle

— At he age of 34 , he had lost the consulship race twice and was so disheartened by this defeat that is he couldn’t rightfully take his place on the throne then no one could. Rather than have law and order , he called for various acts of violence and anarchy that would purge the city of the unwarranted seats. (iii.)

— He died with some shred of honor in what some equivocate to a passionate death by running into the opposing army without his followers on the line. Although they were slaughtered in the mountains the placement of his body suggests that he was attempting to stunt the onslaught by turning himself in. (iv.)

Similarities :

— Roman Republic leader seats of political influence.

— Both lived in a time of intense attitudes between the elite and farmers who no longer has ownership of their lands.

— Fulvia was the mole.

This will officially go down as my favorite module, the drama to be had in it is a pleasant distraction from the modern day political drama.

Saturday January 18, 2017 — Health Sciences Morning Routine- 2:00

M2: Why do we remember Cicero as a persuasive leader?

A simple glance at part 2 of this module had me thinking of an answer to the topic question, so I decided, why not make a hypothesis based on what I already know about these two politicians and explain why exactly Cicero may have been such persuasive leader in comparison to Catalina.

The fact that we have a noted painting of young Cicero studying various philosophical works and rhetorical pieces is proof that he had always had an interest in persuading, so much so that a youth a devoted hour to learning about the practice, this obsession continued even to adulthood and may have been the main driving force in him becoming such a though provoking lawyer.

— — — — —

History of Argument in Under Four Minutes

Sophos — wisdom

law and political teachers who get paid to help people learn in governing the new Athenian democracy.

Socrates and Plato thought they were not wise but at making themselves sound wise, this was a form of using rhetoric.

Aristotle — separate wisdom from the skill needed to dispense it

• rules of argument
• appeal to logos pathos and ethos,
• 13 fallacies to avoid in arguing

roman — -cicero 5 cannons, in books in political thinking

1. invention
2. arrangement
3. style
4. memory
5. delivery

only in sermons and writing, then eventually in plays in Shakesphere then anyone who sought to influence a majority or group in order to convince them to follow their chosen perspective.

Timeline of the contextual contributions of Cicero and thinkers of his time

Translated Greek into Latin is one of the most interesting and well known acts by Cicero. This integration into Roman Culture was influenced heavily by Greek philosophy.

Greek poles- Aristotle’s works mark the end

Hellenistic period in the which most of the works of Aristotle, Socrates and Plato survived. Influenced perspective in stoism, a school of philosophy that holds the belief that the universe is rationally and mathematically arranged. It not sees the cosmos as an orderly arrangement but places an enormous emphasis on virtue and duty. Under the Roman empire, who valued such beliefs, the teachings of stoism continued to shape the thinkers of that time. This order in nature supported the idea of organized and innate justice.

Cosmo politician -Politas of the cosmos, citizen of the universe, all humans share the Earth together, all the cultural laws and traditions are superseded when it comes to discussions of universal humanity and the life of another human. This ethical stance in which Cicero became embellished in was put up against another school that also gained attention in the early first century.

Epicureanism- Epicurus, idea of atomism- indivisible all matter is made of of tiny individual particles. This physical account of the natural world is separate matter and they are all that there is. Immaterial beliefs where nonexistent from this position, the only purpose we as humans serve to endure pleasure — hedonic — hedonistic philosophy, did not believe in the after life, pursuit of pleasure — a highly refined enjoyment of life, achieve dispassion, apathy cultivated sense that the externals of the world can’t distract you. Death shouldn’t be looked at with fear you merely dissolve into nature. An indifference and lack of fear was considered dangerous to Cicero, who advocates a life of action, duty and commitment from serving his state, from serving his republic itself virtuously. Same as Greek philosophical debates of the time.

Lucius — de rerum natura — the laws of nature

Human society built out of necessity and evolve out of nature and built then by their own nature to work towards pleasure and desires — — like sophist human society is conventional, a mutual compact contract of no harrm to others.

Roman — late philosophical poet, Epicurean life style -political, teaches detachment from the life of action and the people. consequences

Why might Cicero need to use these five individual parts of rhetoric to speak to the citizens of the Roman republic?

Because at this time he was a lawyer and maybe because he wanted to also become a part of the political world. His understanding of the impacts made by speeches gave him an organizational structure to expand upon and engage those listening. This power of words was exceptionally need because he was entering the political consul with no prior relatives so had only his words and past work done to contend for his entrance. Becoming a master of rhetoric helped him serve as a leader who moved a crowd and motivated support.

Cicero’s canons provided a clear pattern that was both easily followed and recognizable across many different forms of rhetoric.

the canons provided a definition to a genre of rhetoric which before had been lacking a distinct organization or method. Which allowed smoother discussion and analyzation of many studying the subject.

Cicero’s canons are that they transcend time in their importance

Invention,

Arrangement,

— the structure by which its previous step, the invention of topic or stopping point, is arranged.

— key to begin the processing of ideas from simple realization and creation to concrete actions and thoughts for future research. If the end result of speech is for the audience is to be persuaded to one side or another, arrangement of the composition should be organized to ensure maximum results.

— introduction, a statement of facts, a division between ideas (if there is one), proof or evidence supporting all ideas, refutation of ideas, an optional digression, and conclusion.

Style

— employs the rhetorical aspeakers personal style and allows them to adapt it to their topic or their audience for the most optimal result.

— How things are being said. (style)

Memory

— and more of innate knowledge of one’s topic. His self-amplification was considered an important method of persuasion and excitement during a speech, and was thought to be more effective when a speaker had an inherent knowledge of their material and a keen rhetorical mind to emphasize certain parts of the speech. He canon of memory allows the presenter to react to various types of feedback from their audience, because they are already aware of what the audience groups might asked a presenter should know how to conduct a speech in an interactive environment such as a conference or focus group meeting.

Delivery

— focus is more on nonverbal behaviors which accompany speaking such as gesturing, vocal training, and emphasis.

— “elocution”

Conclusion

— A writer must constantly review his or her work to align the purpose of the work with its original intention

Why would establishing a stopping point be useful to a leader? Consider the audience a political leader might address in the Roman republic.

Establishing a stopping point could be useful in giving an idea dimension. For example, in the spur of the moment to some consul members tax increases may be ideal, but using the topical stasis, we can weigh out the pros and cons. By laying out the risks and rewards political leaders able to see whether such an action will help or hurt the Republic as a whole. Following that Cicero was enlightened by a more Stoic view, he understands that members of certain political powers may simply make laws for self gratification. Adding a little spice to the mix also gives the audience a variety of things to consider while still being engaged.

What leaders can you think of that employ their individual style effectively?

Martin Luther King Jr.

1. looks on the side of optimism and continuity
2. Engages in awareness of current events
3. Speaks in a tone of familiarity, as if on the same level while still authoritative
4. Jokes and allows for known deprecations, while keeping composer and rolling with the punches
5. Instilling creative repartee that leaves the audience on a positive and smiling not, or at least more at ease than when they began.

Oprah Winfrey

1. Inclusive in the understanding of hard work
2. Maturity displayed effortlessly which influences a call to action
3. Makes eye contact with audience members and speaks right to them
4. Explains and is honest about comfort level at the moment, letting others known that she is just as excited and anticipatory as those who have come to see her.

Nixon and JFK debate controversy.

Sunday January 19, 2017 -Loitering inside of Teds Bulletin after work-1:00

M3: Leadership as Rhetorical Performance in Cicero’s First Catillarian Oration

Just finished working out and have got a bit of an endorphin high.

Lets just talk about the serious bombs dropped in just one of Cicero’s Catalarian Orations.

1. he addresses Catalina from the senate stand point and uses a tone that presents him as being the one with more intelligence. Can you say condescending, I mean, even the portrait of this famous scene illustrates a hunched lanky Catalina in the corner all alone? Meanwhile a bright and casual and open gesturing Cicero is pivoted facing his aggressor delivering one of the most famous roast sessions.
2. Points out various crimes in and out of the republic but draws on the constitution which protects him from his true wrath. It gives the illusion, or attitude that Catalina basically jumps from loophole to loophole.
3. Points out what Catalina is doing in REAL TIME comments that C cannot even make eye contact with anyone in the senate.
4. Compares his stubborn and unneeded remaining in Rome to the atmosphere between angry parents and a guilty child.
5. Cicero exclaims how all the thoughts and actions he does draw back to the variant crimes C commits, he is almost obsessed with such a threat to the Republic which further emphasizes ethos in a moral sense of duty, and some of logos, being as adamant and committed to the subject because such laws are to be abided by

6. Clearly gives C an exit out of the country and points out that if he really and truly loves his republic but since Cicero knows that what he honestly wants is power and a seat at the throne, the other end of the spectrum involves a sheer force overtaking. Such an overtaking would be insured by the people of the illegal army in Manilia , which Cicero is clear to emphasize.

7. Evokes a sense of habitual shame , Cicero was born in an Italian village near the republic unlike C who is pretty much betraying the town that raised him. Such an illustration brings us back to the scene of a parent and child.

what Cicero is trying to persuade his audience to do and

(2) three things the he does to make his speech convincing. For example, what arguments does he make, what emotions does he try to elicit, and what kind of character does he present himself to be?

When you listen to the speech a second time, focus on Cicero’s character as a leader. What leadership traits would he like you to believe he has?

What does he do to convince you of this? For example, does he make a declaration of his values?

What does he say about his own devotion to the Roman republic?

What does he say about his own background?

How would you characterize the emotional state he is in?

Do you yourself find Cicero’s speech persuasive? Explain your answer.

Now read Lauren Raubaugh’s “Lucius Sergio’s Catalina: Villain or Victim? The Famed Cicero as a Violent Aggressor” (2012) along with the text of Cicero’s speech. What evidence is there that Raubaugh’s argument may be true? Does Cicero show aggressive tendencies in his speech? Are his strategies ethical as a leader?

Tuesday January 21, 2017 Lecture-1:15

Which leader do you composite yourself as ? Which qualities would instill into your conquest as a leader?

our own definitions of rhetoric — how they convey persuade the audience on a public forum scale . The simple definition is the art of persuasion. To say that you know rhetoric means to persuade — sometimes negative in connotation that doesn’t convey things as the truth, fact designed to educate or promote thinking.

Power and influence OR leadership form.

time period — 63 BCE generation before marc Antony and Octavian — these are the father figures; Antony eventually will have the death of Cicero on his hands.

novus homo

consul — 2 positons every year the highest positions in Rome basically by being an awesome orator

3 areas in the ancient world

1. forensic rhetoric- what goes on in the court. situation where trying to prove some guilty or not , and the penalty
2. (a.) Epideictic rhetoric — praise or blame , eulogy , speech delivered when someone dies. There to persuade someone that tis person was not only a good person , but an extraordinary one. (b.) inventive rhetoric — blame and defame the person
3. deliberative rhetoric — when you’re in a group setting trying to win someone over to one decision or another .

think about the kinds of forms and blends we see in variant modules

Andrea — courage in Greek

places to win glory — Theatre

• the battlefield , on or with the shield
• the assembly — the ability to get up and hold sway

means in purest form androgynous, manliness — meaning male sex organ hivers must stand up for themselves in risk of appearing fragile .

Achilles’s and Agamemnon

story goes from deliberative to a rant from Achilles invective rhetorical forum eventually devolving into a context where the winner of the insults is the winner overall. Politics is proven in this module to be a contact sport.

Aristotle — the Rhetoric

• virtues of a public speaker, he takes you through every emotion and how to elicit it in the audience. The virtues of an orator ; courage Aristotle. Takes a lot
• guilt shamed my HS class about mispronouncing my last name .

Socrates- forensic — dealing with it in a court and about the actual occurrences that took place , decision to see if something actually took place . Then turns in to epideictic , the overall question of the crime of impiety, the court then turns to a critical rendering of the circumstances.

Gad-fly — Socrates compares himself to an insect who stings the horses , Socrates is trying to wake up the citizens of Athens.

Wednesday January 22, 2016–1:00

So from what I’m getting from this article is that decorum is having the right fit brought to the table . Its being able to speak with awareness and consciousness of a situation and are truly in control of the spoken words at hand . Considering that I’ve actually wept tears of absolute joy at one of his speeches I’m not surprised that Obama is compared to Cicero . So before I divulge any further I’ll just grab some tissues now.

Rhetorical Triangle -Appeals

by Aristotle -argumentation, persuasive oratory

definition- the ability to see or identify the available means of persuasion

how and why the things people say and do affect others. Very broad term that requires structure

RTRIANGLE

• author -PERSON WHO GENERTAESE THE TEXT
• audience-person who receives the text
• text- message or messages transfer from the author to the audience

RAPPEALS

more specific appeals in main avenues people are wooed

• logos-(rational) reason logic facts (STRONGEST)
• ethos — credibility or authority — honesty trustworthiness and
• pathos -emotion , anger, sadness joy

IF ALL used they are the strongest

Questions to discuss on rhetoric

pathos- intended audience , how do we know, how do reave up emotion

need to familiar with certain aspects

text -logos

what aspects make this unique , adjectives , descriptions add up to , how can things be interpreted as evidence

ethos -what do we know, how do we know it , why don’t we know , how is credibility gained

1. What similarities do you notice between Cicero’s speech and Obama’s speech in general? What tactics do they use to convince listeners they are effective leaders?

they both do not shy away from “conflict “, in the case of Cicero, the senate was pretty sure that Catalina wouldn’t show up, so much so that Cicero had designated to a style that would emphasize on his absence. When the culprit showed up, Cicero remained cool and collected and altered the oration to fit the new circumstances. The slight installation of hecklers was not raining on President Obamas day , he neither missed a step nor beat , just simply used the occurrence as a platform for his speech encouraging the need to communicate and create dialogue with those who have contradictory options. He emphasized the idea of fair-minded words and explained that while we may disagree with what another says , they have every right to say it . This is the very foundation of the democracy that Obama is instilling while also including the prestigious university in which he has been invited to. Another tactic in that may have been similar is the degree of humility shared by both. In the beginning stages of Cicero’s oration, he begins “when will you stop testing our patience “immediately regarding himself on the side of the most honorable senate . He then proclaims a sense of credibility in his listening audience by highlighting that they are not simply lying ideally but are fully aware of the questionable Catalina business.

2) What emotional (pathos) appeals do both Cicero and Obama use? Choose one phrase each uses from their speeches to explain. Highlight specific words that you believe are particularly emotionally-charged.

Comparisons within Cicero oration aim to mirror a parent upset with a child. While in Obamas he uses the story of his letter from a concerned voter who end up altering his entire linguistic perspective. Such anecdotal references enable us to better understand the emotional state of the author . We can all agree that we have either been or seen an instant where parents aren’t as happy with their child , being able to illustrate such a situation is an implicit tool highlighting the way that we, as and audience and on the optimal side of the speaker are to be feeling along side him. Obama uses this insightful message to not only include more mindful wording but to dive deeper in a more common ground. In the case of abortion, he explained how while some may debate, whether pro choice or pro life. He emphasized that while a grievance of the specified topic of legalization was up in the air, they could still agree on the necessary preventative measures to undertake. Providing more available options of abortion, preventing unplanned pregnancy, and installing care for those mothers who carry their baby to term. Measures surrounding such a topic have the potential to create a discourse centered around coexistence and inclusion , while this requires patience it also required love. Such a principle may instill a sense of hope and excitement towards the future especially for all the individuals graduating and taking their degrees and perspectives into the felid.

4) What logical (logos) appeals do both Cicero and Obama use? Choose one phrase each uses from their speeches to explain.

Obamas exhilarating explanation of the simple necessity of promoting cultural coexistence as the human race . He points out the rapidly populating earth and its growing influence on the numerous collections of cultures. It only makes sense that with more people , more culture , which leads to more diversity that may lead to varied perspectives, as a democracy built on inclusion and fair rights it only makes sense to show respect to the opposing attitude. In the case of Cicero, his explaining of how hell bent he was to show Catalina for what he truly was, a cancerous entity within the walls of the Republic.