The Basics Of Swift Programming Language

The Basics Of Swift Programming Language

Welcome to the exciting world of Swift programming!

Whether you’re a seasoned developer looking to add a new language to your toolkit or a complete beginner taking your first steps into coding, Swift offers a powerful yet intuitive way to bring your ideas to life. In this blog post, “The Basics of Swift Programming Language” we’ll explore fundamental concepts like variables, constants, basic data types, typealias, and tuples. Let’s dive in and start coding!

Swift is a new programming language for iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS app development. Many parts of the swift will be familiar with C and Objective C.

Swift provides its version of all fundamental C and Objective C types, including Int, Double, Float, Boolean, and String. Swift also offers a collection of types like Array, Set, and Dictionary. I will explain this collection type in the next blog.

Swift introduces advanced types not found in Objective C, such as TypeAlias, Tuples, etc.

Variables

Variables are used to store data. Variables means whose value can vary (i.e. change) during the execution of a program.

Variable start with var keyword.

var name = "Swift"
var id: Int = 10 // Good Practice
var x = 0.0, y = 0.0, z = 0.0
var red, blue, green : String

Constants

Similar to variables, constants are also used to store data. But in the case of a constant, the value can not vary (i.e. change) during the execution of a program.

You can declare constants with the letkeyword.

let number = 10
let name: String = "Swift"
let marks: Double = 00

Comments

Comments are used by the programmers. Comments are not executed, so comments are called non-executable statements.

There are the following types of comments:

1. Single-line Comment

// This is a comment.

2. Multi-line Comments

/* 
    This is also comment
    but it is written over multiple lines 
*/

3. Nested Comments

/* This is the start of the first multiline comment.
    
    /* 
        This is the second, nested multiline comment. 
    /*
    
    This is the end of the first multiline comment. 
/*

Semicolons

Semicolons are not required in Swift but if you want to write multiple separate statements on a single line then you need to put a semicolon after each statement.

let a = 10; print(a)
// Prints 10

Data Types

1. Integer

Used to store whole numbers without decimal values

let number: Int = 22

2. Float

Used to store decimal numbers with single precision. Flot represents a 32-bit floating-point number

let marks: Float = 22.11

3. Double

Used to store decimal numbers with double precision. Double represents a 64-bit floating-point number.

let marks: Float = 22.110011

4. Character

Used to store only a single character.

let a: Character = "A"

4. String

Used to store only a sequence of characters (textual data).

var name: String = "Swift Programming Language"

4. Boolean

Used to store logical entities (true or false)

let isEmpty: Bool = true
var passCheck = true
var failCheck = false

Type Alias

Type aliases define an alternative name for an existing type. You define type aliases with typealias keyword.

typealias StudentName = String
let name: StudentName = "Manish Ahire"

Tuples

Tuples group multiple values into a single value. The values within tuples can be of any type. In the coming blogs, will explain tuples in more detail.

var product = ("MacBook Pro", 2024)
let httpError = (404, "Not Found")

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