CRUD Operations
If you’ve ever worked with a database, you’ve likely worked with CRUD operations. CRUD operations are often used with SQL.
Definition
CRUD stands for create, read, update, and delete. These are the four basic functions of persistent storage.
Entities can read, created, updated, delete, and can be modified by taking the data from a service and changing the setting properties before sending the data back to the service for an update.
Most applications have some form of CRUD functionality. In fact, every programmer has had to deal with CRUD at some point. A CRUD application is one that utilizes forms to retrieve and return data from a database.
The first reference to CRUD operations came from Haim Kilov in 1990 in an article titled, “From semantic to object-oriented data modeling.” However, the term was first made popular by James Martin’s 1983 book, Managing the Data-base Environment. Here’s a breakdown:
- CREATE procedures: Performs the INSERT statement to create a new record.
- READ procedures: Reads the table records based on the primary keynoted within the input parameter.
- UPDATE procedures: Executes an UPDATE statement on the table based on the specified primary key for a record within the WHERE clause of the statement.
- DELETE procedures: Deletes a specified row in the WHERE clause.
CRUD is more of a cycle than an architectural system. On any dynamic website, there are likely multiple CRUD cycles that exist. For instance, a buyer on an eCommerce site can CREATE an account, UPDATE account information, and DELETE things from a shopping cart.
A Warehouse Operations Manager using the same site can CREATE shipping records, RETRIEVE them as needed, and UPDATE supply lists. Retrieve is sometimes substituted for READ in the CRUD cycle.
