Critical thinking is becoming more and more important as our society moves forward through difficult and challenging times.
To think critically, we need to be able to assess the information at hand, while relying on factual evidence and (preferably multiple) reputable sources.
We use critical thinking to better understand something and make well-informed decisions.
Think about this — every day we process huge amounts of information. We need to be able to make sense out of it and that is where critical thinking comes in handy.
This process is always deliberate — which means we need to do it consciously.
How do we do it exactly?
When it comes to the actual process there are a few steps we need to follow:
1. Identifying the issue and organising the information.
In some cases, especially when the issue is more complex, we can even use a diagram or a mind map. This is done so we can actually understand the issue itself — what we are dealing with.
2. Consider the reasoning.
This step specifically refers to taking a closer look at the reasoning of the issue. Most of the information that travels to us through different media has a certain reason for doing this, some of it even has an agenda. We need to look out for this.
3. Look at the facts and the evidence.
If a piece of information is part of someone’s claim, we should look at its supporting evidence. Do they provide factual evidence that supports their claim? If so, can we check it?
4. Analyse the arguments and look out for logical fallacies.
Sadly, a lot of people will try to influence your mind and decisions through the use of logical fallacies. Some people are not even aware that they trying to do so. You can read more about logical fallacies here.
5. Come to a conclusion.
Based on what you’ve discovered through previous steps, you should be able to come to a reasonable conclusion.
Bravo! You’ve just used the method of critical thinking to analyse an issue or an argument.
How can we boost our critical thinking ability?
While it is true that some people appear to be naturally brighter when it comes to critical thinking, it is almost always due to practice.
Critical thinking is a skill that is learnt and can be only improved with time and practice.
You can practice critical thinking by forming these 4 habits:
- Question everything
- Be logical with your reasoning
- Look for diversity
- Be ready to challenge yourself
1. Question everything
Okay, maybe not absolutely everything. If we started to question everything, including even the most mundane things, we would easily get overwhelmed with the process and end up stuck.
However, by starting to question our decisions, our ideas, and our reasons for doing the things we do, we might figure out all the ways we are incorrect or inefficient.
On the other hand, if we question what other people say, we often discover their intentions. That is not to say that we are surrounded by sinister people with malicious intentions, but it certainly helps us uncover those who don’t mean well.
2. Be logical with your reasoning
This part is not always easy. We are often deciding based on our feelings and emotions, and that is all right — it is human after all. However, at certain times it is really a better idea to let the emotions calm down and let the mind take charge.
This is not to say that we should suppress our emotions, which creates a plethora of problems. Rather, especially when it comes to difficult decisions, acknowledge how you feel and let your rational side help you figure it out.
3. Look for diversity
It is always beneficial to surround yourself with diverse opinions and insights. This might help you explore other perspectives, which may, in turn, help you to either strengthen your position or improve it.
This habit also improves your open-mindedness. Whoever you meet might know something you don’t — this means that you can learn from others and their perspectives, even if it differs from yours.
4. Be ready to challenge yourself
That’s right! However, this is not to say that you should strive to overcome challenging obstacles. Yes, while that leads to improvement and it is, in fact, very desirable, it doesn’t do much in terms of critical thinking.
When we say “Be ready to challenge yourself”, we mean to challenge your own opinions, ideas, and arguments. If you are ready to poke holes in your own opinion or argument, you are making sure it is strong enough. And if it isn’t you are able to improve it before you put it out or act on it.
Conclusion
And that’s it! Now you know why it is important to think critically and how you can improve this ability by adapting certain habits into your everyday life.
Got a question or maybe a thought you’d like to share? Comment it down below!
