Effect of yogurt on gut health: Yogurt is one of the best-known of the foods that contain probiotics. ” Probiotics are defined as “living microorganisms, which provide many health benefits by improving or restoring gut microbiota. The two most common bacteria used to ferment milk into yogurt are Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) and Streptococcus thermophiles (S. thermophiles). It enhance the absorption of vitamins and minerals by the intestines, for example- the acidic pH of yogurt ionizes calcium and thus facilitates intestinal calcium uptake. The low pH of yogurt also may reduce the inhibitory effect of dietary phytic acid on calcium bioavailability. Studies revealed that milk fermented with L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus reduced intestinal transit time in human subjects with habitual constipation. It also improved overall bowel function, reducing strain and pain during bowel movements . It was shown that the number of defecations increased from 3/week to 7/week when fermented milk was consumed. When milk fermented with L. acidophilus was consumed, the number of defecations increased further to 15/week. The probiotics present in yogurt also reduce stomach gas and bloating. Fermentation also improves the digestibility of milk proteins. Upon digestion, yogurt had smaller clots of curd than milk, which facilitated digestive enzyme activity.
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