Increasing prevalence of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) drives Growth of Vasopressin Market
Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone, is a hormone that helps to maintain osmolality (the concentration of dissolved particles in the serum, such as salts and glucose) and thus the volume of water in the extracellular fluid (the fluid space that surrounds cells). This is important to protect cells from rapid spikes or decreases in water content, which can disrupt normal cell activity. In healthy persons, normal serum osmolality ranges from 285 to 300 milliosmoles per kilogramme (mOsm/kg). Vasopressin and oxytocin are both derivatives of a single primordial neurohypophyseal hormone known as vasotocin, which is found in lower vertebrates.
The global Vasopressin Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 1,112.6 million in 2021 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 14.7% over the forecast period (2021–2028). It is naturally secreted by the pituitary gland, which acts on the kidneys and blood vessels. Vasopressin is used in the treatment of diabetes insipidus and certain conditions of the stomach after surgery or during abdominal x-rays. It is administered into a muscle or under the skin, or into a vein.
The hypothalamus contains special nerve cells called osmoreceptors that are extremely sensitive to variations in serum osmolality. The same nerve cells that produce and emit vasopressin are closely connected with the osmoreceptors. Vasopressin release can be reduced or increased by as little as 1% in response to changes in serum osmolality. The activation of the osmoreceptors is the immediate effect of an increase in serum osmolality — for example, if a person becomes dehydrated (e.g., loses water through excessive perspiration). This stimulation causes vasopressin to separate from neurophysin molecules, which vasopressin is loosely connected to within the secretory cells.
Vasopressin is then released by the posterior pituitary gland, resulting in the kidneys’ retention of water. The suppression of the osmoreceptors is the immediate impact of a drop in serum osmolality — for example, if a person becomes overhydrated (e.g., drinks too much water). This inhibition causes a decrease in vasopressin secretion and an increase in water excretion as a result. The osmoreceptors are also related to the thirst centre, which, like vasopressin secretion, is stimulated by high serum osmolality and repressed by low serum osmolality.
The recent increasing cases of people suffering from Novel corona virus is expected to sudden increase of cardiac syndrome risk amongst people . This is leading the pharma sector to focus on research and development on advanced vasopressin drugs for treatment purposes. This is expected to boost the growth of the Global Vasopressin market in the near future.
A decrease in blood volume also causes the release of vasopressin. Baroreceptors, which are pressure sensors found in the carotid sinus, which is intimately related with each carotid artery high in the neck, and a collection of specialised cells in the left atrium of the heart, can detect arterial blood pressure. The tissues of the carotid sinus and left atrium stretch when blood volume rises, stimulating the nerves in the baroreceptors. These neurons send signals to the vasopressin-producing nerve cells, which block vasopressin secretion and enhance water excretion.
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