1️⃣ *CONCATENATION*: Combine strings with ease using `CONCAT` or `||`. For instance:
SELECT CONCAT(first_name, ‘ ‘, last_name) AS full_name FROM employees;
This SQL query combines the first and last names into a single `full_name` column. 2️⃣ *SUBSTRING*: Extract substrings using `SUBSTRING` or `SUBSTR`.
Example:
SELECT SUBSTRING(description, 1, 50) AS short_desc…