You Have Twice as Many Female Ancestors as Male Ancestors

Arunod Wickramasinghe
4 min readMay 25, 2023

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Photo by Jonathan Borba on Unsplash

Let’s face it, family trees can be confusing. In this article, we’ll delve into the fascinating world of genealogy, and explain the science behind this peculiar fact, so strap in because it’s about to get interesting!

When you first begin tracing your family tree, you might expect to find an equal number of male and female ancestors. After all, it takes one man and one woman to create a child, right? However, as you delve deeper into your genealogy, you’ll likely discover that you have twice as many female ancestors as male ancestors. This may sound counterintuitive, but there’s a fascinating explanation for this phenomenon.

Q: Why did the genealogist became a gardener?

Photo by Jonathan Borba on Unsplash

The Science of Reproduction

It’s essential to grasp the basics of human reproduction before understanding why we have twice as many female ancestors as male ancestors. Each person has two biological parents — one male (the father) and one female (the mother). These parents each contribute 50% of their genetic material to create a new individual.

This is where things get a little more complex. While it’s true that each person has one male and one female parent, not every male and female in a given generation will have the same number of offspring. In other words, some individuals will have more children than others, which profoundly impacts the number of ancestors we have.

The Unequal Distribution of Offspring

Throughout history, some men have fathered a disproportionately large number of children. Think of powerful rulers like Genghis Khan, who is believed to have had hundreds, if not thousands, of offspring. These “super fathers” contribute their genetic material to a significant portion of the population, effectively reducing the number of unique male ancestors.

On the other hand, women tend to have a more even distribution of offspring. While it’s true that some women have more children than others, the disparity is generally not as pronounced as it is among men. This is partly because women have biological constraints on the number of children they can bear, while men — at least in theory — can father an almost unlimited number of offspring.

The Power of Polygyny

One of the primary reasons for the unequal distribution of offspring among males is the practice of polygyny, which is when one man has multiple wives or female partners. Historically, polygyny has been relatively common among powerful and wealthy men. This has led to a situation where a relatively small number of men have fathered a disproportionately large number of children.

In a polygynous society, men who successfully obtain multiple wives will have more children than their peers, while other men may have few or no children. This means that the number of unique male ancestors will be relatively small compared to the number of notable female ancestors.

Putting It All Together

So, what does all of this mean for your family tree? In short, you likely have twice as many unique female ancestors as male ancestors. This is because the uneven distribution of offspring among men, coupled with the practice of polygyny, has resulted in fewer unique male ancestors contributing their genetic material to the population.

It’s worth noting that this phenomenon isn’t limited to humans. It’s been observed in many other species. This shows that the old saying is true when it comes to genealogy:

“The more things change, the more they stay the same.”

In conclusion, having twice as many female ancestors as male ancestors is a fascinating and thought-provoking aspect of genealogy. It sheds light on the complex dynamics of human reproduction and provides a unique window into the history of our species. So, the next time you’re exploring your family tree, take a moment to appreciate the incredible tapestry of male and female ancestors who played a role in shaping your genetic heritage.

Happy genealogy hunting, and remember: even if you’re feeling a little outnumbered by all those female ancestors, think of it as a testament to our species’ incredible diversity and resilience. After all, it’s not every day that you get to uncover the hidden stories of your past — and that’s something worth celebrating!

A: Because they wanted to learn more about their family roots! 😇

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Arunod Wickramasinghe

“If you get bored easily you have to find new things constantly”