What Are the Rights of Women in Islam?

Man in Islam has absolute sovereignty over his wife, and the relationship between them is the relationship of master and slave, as it was narrated in the hadith of Muhammad:
“If were to command anyone to prostrate to anyone other than Allah, I would have commanded women to prostrate to their husbands”.

1- Men are superior to them to a degree:

Divorced women must wait three monthly cycles ˹before they can re-marry˺. It is not lawful for them to conceal what Allah has created in their wombs,1 if they ˹truly˺ believe in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands reserve the right to take them back within that period if they desire reconciliation. Women have rights similar to those of men equitably, although men have a degree ˹of responsibility˺ above them. And Allah is Almighty, All-Wise. Al-Baqarah 2: 228

2- The testimony of a Muslim woman is half that of a man, regardless of her position in society:

O believers! When you contract a loan for a fixed period of time, commit it to writing. Let the scribe maintain justice between the parties. The scribe should not refuse to write as Allah has taught them to write. They will write what the debtor dictates, bearing Allah in mind and not defrauding the debt. If the debtor is incompetent, weak, or unable to dictate, let their guardian dictate for them with justice. Call upon two of your men to witness. If two men cannot be found, then one man and two women of your choice will witness — so if one of the women forgets the other may remind her.1 The witnesses must not refuse when they are summoned. You must not be against writing ˹contracts˺ for a fixed period — whether the sum is small or great. This is more just ˹for you˺ in the sight of Allah, and more convenient to establish evidence and remove doubts. However, if you conduct an immediate transaction among yourselves, then there is no need for you to record it, but call upon witnesses when a deal is finalized. Let no harm come to the scribe or witnesses. If you do, then you have gravely exceeded ˹your limits˺. Be mindful of Allah, for Allah ˹is the One Who˺ teaches you. And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all things. Al-Baqarah 2:282

3- A Muslim woman’s inheritance is half of a man’s inheritance:

Allah commands you regarding your children: the share of the male will be twice that of the female.1 If you leave only two ˹or more˺ females, their share is two-thirds of the estate. But if there is only one female, her share will be one-half. Each parent is entitled to one-sixth if you leave offspring.2 But if you are childless and your parents are the only heirs, then your mother will receive one-third.3 But if you leave siblings, then your mother will receive one-sixth4 — after the fulfilment of bequests and debts.5 ˹Be fair to˺ your parents and children, as you do not ˹fully˺ know who is more beneficial to you.6 ˹This is˺ an obligation from Allah. Surely Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. Surah An-Nisa 4–11

4- Beating Muslim women and do not share their beds:

Men are the caretakers of women, as men have been provisioned by Allah over women and tasked with supporting them financially. And righteous women are devoutly obedient and, when alone, protective of what Allah has entrusted them with.1 And if you sense ill-conduct from your women, advise them ˹first˺, ˹if they persist,˺ do not share their beds, ˹but if they still persist,˺ then discipline them ˹gently˺.2 But if they change their ways, do not be unjust to them. Surely Allah is Most High, All-Great. An-Nisaa (4:34)

5- Imprisoning a Muslim woman to death:

Those who commit immorality [i.e., unlawful sexual intercourse] of your women — bring against them four [witnesses] from among you. And if they testify,1 confine them [i.e., the guilty women] to houses until death takes them or Allāh ordains for them [another] way. Surat An-Nisa’ [4:15]

6- Rape of Muslim women (rape of children):

As for your women past the age of menstruation, in case you do not know, their waiting period is three months, and those who have not menstruated as well. As for those who are pregnant, their waiting period ends with delivery.1 And whoever is mindful of Allah, He will make their matters easy for them. At Talaq 65:4

7- Muslim women are cursed:

Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “If a husband calls his wife to his bed (i.e. to have sexual relation) and she refuses and causes him to sleep in anger, the angels will curse her till morning.”
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 3237
Book 59, Hadith 48

8- Most of the people who enter Hell are Muslim women:

Usāmah ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I stood at the gate of Paradise and saw that most of those who entered it were the poor and destitute. The people of means were held back, whilst the people of Hell had been ordered into the Fire. I stood by the gate of Hell, and saw that most of those who entered it were women.”
Sahih/Authentic. — [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “I was shown the Hell-fire and that the majority of its dwellers were women who were ungrateful.” It was asked, “Do they disbelieve in Allah?” (or are they ungrateful to Allah?) He replied, “They are ungrateful to their husbands and are ungrateful for the favors and the good (charitable deeds) done to them. If you have always been good (benevolent) to one of them and then she sees something in you (not of her liking), she will say, ‘I have never received any good from you.”
Sahih al-Bukhari 29
Book 2, Hadith 22

9- Muslim women are like dogs and donkeys:

It was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin Mughaffal that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“The prayer is severed by a woman, a dog and a donkey.”
Sunan Ibn Majah 951
Book 5, Hadith 149

10- Muslim women come in the form of Satan:

Jabir reported that Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) saw a woman, and so he came to his wife, Zainab, as she was tanning a leather and had sexual intercourse with her. He then went to his Companions and told them:
The woman advances and retires in the shape of a devil, so when one of you sees a woman, he should come to his wife, for that will repel what he feels in his heart.
Sahih Muslim 1403a
Book 16, Hadith 10

11- Muslim women are Evil:

Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar: I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) saying. “Evil omen is in three things: The horse, the woman and the house.”
Sahih al-Bukhari 2858
Book 56, Hadith 74

12- Muslim women are deficient in intelligence and religion:

Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri: Once Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) went out to the Musalla (to offer the prayer) of `Id-al-Adha or Al-Fitr prayer. Then he passed by the women and said, “O women! Give alms, as I have seen that the majority of the dwellers of Hell-fire were you (women).”

They asked, “Why is it so, O Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) ?” He replied, “You curse frequently and are ungrateful to your husbands. I have not seen anyone more deficient in intelligence and religion than you. A cautious sensible man could be led astray by some of you.” The women asked, “O Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ)! What is deficient in our intelligence and religion?” He said, “Is not the evidence of two women equal to the witness of one man?” They replied in the affirmative. He said, “This is the deficiency in her intelligence. Isn’t it true that a woman can neither pray nor fast during her menses?” The women replied in the affirmative. He said, “This is the deficiency in her religion.”
Sahih al-Bukhari 304
Book 6, Hadith 9

13- The Muslim woman is created from a rib crooked portion:

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should not hurt (trouble) his neighbor. And I advise you to take care of the women, for they are created from a rib and the most crooked portion of the rib is its upper part; if you try to straighten it, it will break, and if you leave it, it will remain crooked, so I urge you to take care of the women.”
Sahih al-Bukhari 5185, 5186
Book 67, Hadith 120

14- It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah make a journey of one day and night:

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to make a journey of one day and night unless she is accompanied by a Mahram (husband or any other relative to whom she is prohibited to marry).” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Riyad as-Salihin 989
Book 7, Hadith 34

15- Muslim women are a temptation for men:

Usama b. Zaid reported Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: I have not left after me any (chance) of turmoil more injurious to men than the harm done to the men because of women.
Sahih Muslim, Book 36 No: 6603

16- It is not permissible for a Muslim woman to fast without her husband’s permission:

Abu Huraira reported God’s messenger as saying, “It is not allowable for a woman to fast when her husband is present without his permission,* and she may not allow anyone to enter his house without his permission.” *This refers not to Ramadan, but to a supererogatory fast.
Muslim transmitted it.
Mishkat al-Masabih 2031
Book 7, Hadith 74

17- A divorced Muslim woman does not return to her husband until another man sexual intercourse her:

So if a husband divorces his wife ˹three times˺, then it is not lawful for him to remarry her until after she has married another man and then is divorced. Then it is permissible for them to reunite, as long as they feel they are able to maintain the limits of Allah. These are the limits set by Allah, which He makes clear for people of knowledge. Al-Baqarah 230

And also, some hadiths about:
Sex with corpses halal “farewell Intercourse”. Here.