How Quantum Computers differ from classical computers?

The difference between a classical computer and a quantum computer is not as simple as an old car and a new car. Rather, it’s like the difference between a car and a aeroplane, while one can run, the other can fly. Conventional computers are strictly digital, and rely purely on classical computing principles and properties.

Quantum computers are strictly quantum, they rely on quantum principles and properties — most importantly superposition(they can be in two states at once) and entanglement.

Working of Quantum Computing

Quantum computers use quanta as a physical system which allows information to be carried out in both 0 and 1 state simultaneously. Whereas in classic computing information is carried in either 0 or 1 bit. Quantum computing increase the speed of the system exponentially as it can hold more information as compare to classical computers. Suppose there are equal number of quanta bits and regular bits, then the quanta bit will hold twice the information i.e lets say there are n quanta bits in the supercomputer, then it will have 2^n different states. Therefore quantum computing can hold more information thereby increase in the speed of system.

In theory quantum computing seems mind blowing but at the same time it is difficult to build. The qubits are dynamic so the accurate measurement is difficult and requires complex algorithms.

Why Quantum Computing?

• Classical Bits: If there are n quanta bits in the supercomputer, then it will have 2^n different states. Therefore quantum computing can hold more information thereby increase in the speed of system.

•Qubits: A qubit is the physical carrier of quantum information. Qubit can take values of 0’s, 1’s, or both at same time. Classical computes encode information in bits whereas quantum computers use qubits. An each qubit can represent both a 1 and a 0 at the same time. Using qubit, Quantum Computers can hold more information than classical computers and solve problems faster and more efficiently.

•Superposition: Each qubit represent 0’s ,1’s or both at once.

•Entanglement: When connection between two qubits in a superposition is correlate with each other, state of one depends on the state of another.

Conclusion

Classical computers are deterministic computers. Their basic states are deterministic in nature whereas quantum computers will be probabilistic computers. Their basic states will be probabilistic in nature. Quantum computers is faster in solving mathematical tasks using various algorithms than classical computers. Quantum systems cannot be done all correctly on a classical computer. This task will be handled correctly on a quantum computer.