Introduction
“The Great Train Robbery,” directed by Edwin S. Porter in 1903, is a seminal work in the evolution of cinema. As one of the earliest narrative films, it stands as a significant milestone in the development of cinematic storytelling. In our continuing series exploring the films from “1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die,” we delve into the background, plot, and enduring legacy of “The Great Train Robbery.”
Background
Edwin S. Porter, an innovative filmmaker working for the Edison Manufacturing Company, directed “The Great Train Robbery.” Drawing inspiration from real-life events and the popular dime novels of the time, Porter crafted a gripping tale that captivated audiences and showcased the potential of narrative filmmaking. The film is noted for its groundbreaking techniques and its role in defining the structure of modern cinema.
Plot Summary
“The Great Train Robbery” is a concise yet thrilling depiction of a train heist and its aftermath. The story unfolds as follows:
- The Robbery: A gang of bandits hijacks a train, overpowering the crew and robbing the passengers.
- Escape: After seizing the loot, the robbers make their escape into the wilderness.
- Pursuit: The authorities quickly organize a posse to pursue the outlaws.
- Showdown: The film culminates in a dramatic confrontation between the posse and the bandits, leading to the latter’s capture.
This 12-minute film features multiple scenes and a coherent narrative structure, a significant departure from the simple, static shots common in earlier films.
Innovative Techniques and Cinematic Firsts
Porter’s direction in “The Great Train Robbery” introduced several innovative techniques that became staples in filmmaking:
- Cross-Cutting: The film employs parallel editing, cutting between different scenes to build tension and advance the narrative.
- Location Shooting: Unlike many contemporary films shot on stage sets, Porter used real outdoor locations to enhance the film’s realism.
- Dynamic Camera Movement: The film includes instances of camera movement, such as pans, which added dynamism to the storytelling.
- Color Tinting: Some prints of the film featured hand-tinted frames, a precursor to color film.
These techniques helped “The Great Train Robbery” stand out and demonstrated the potential of cinema as a medium for dynamic storytelling.
Cultural Impact and Legacy
“The Great Train Robbery” was a commercial success and played a pivotal role in establishing the Western genre. Its influence extends beyond its immediate popularity; it set the stage for future filmmakers to explore more complex narratives and innovative techniques.
One of the film’s most iconic moments is the final shot, where a bandit fires his gun directly at the camera. This startling image became one of early cinema’s most memorable scenes and has been referenced and parodied in numerous films and television shows.
The film’s preservation and continued study underscore its importance. It is frequently screened in film history courses and remains a key example of early narrative cinema.
Conclusion
“The Great Train Robbery” is more than just an early film; it is a foundational piece of cinematic history. As the second entry in our series on “1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die,” it offers a glimpse into the early days of filmmaking and the innovations that shaped the medium. Its blend of thrilling action, narrative coherence, and technical ingenuity ensures its place as a must-see film for cinephiles and casual viewers alike.
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