Jallianwala Bagh massacre: When it happened? What is the Rowlatt act? Who were Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal?
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, one of the most tragic incidents in India , happened on 13 April 1919. It is considered as the black day in the history of Indian independence movement. This incident is also known as the Amritsar massacre. A large number of people (It is assumed that approximately 20000 to 25000 people ) gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh was situated in Amritsar, Punjab and only 500 Meter away from Golen Temple. The main purpose of the crowd was to protest peacefully against the Rowlatt Act and the arrest of famous independence activists from Punjab Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal. Three side of the Jallianwala Bagh were enclosed and and there was only single side for exit Brigadier general Reginald Edward Harry Dyer blocked that exit with the British army and ordered the troop of the British army to fire on the innocent people. British army continued to fire until bullet were exhausted. Approximately 379 to 1500 were killed or even more and over 1,200 other people were injured. 192 were seriously injured among the injured.
What was Rowlatt Act:
The Rowlatt Act was passed in March 1919 by the Imperial Legislative Council (legislature of British India from 1861 to 1947). According to that act, anybody can be arrested without any trial. This act was indeed a unethical law to suppress the voice of common Indian. To protest peacefully against this unethical law, huge number of people (It is assumed that approximately 20 to 25 thousand people ) gathered on the Jallianwala Bagh. Brigadier general Reginald Edward Harry Dyer ordered to fire on those people and killed more than 1500 people without allowing them to escape from that place.
Who was Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal?
Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal were Indian independence activists who were arrested on 10 April 1919, three days before the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. Many people gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh on 13th April, 1919 to protest against the Rowlatt Act and the arrest of Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal.
Saifuddin Kitchlew (15 January 1888–9 October 1963) was an Indian barrister, Indian independence activist, politician and leader from Punjab.
Satyapal was a physician and political leader in Punjab.
Who was Reginald Edward Harry Dyer?
Reginald Edward Harry Dyer was an officer of the Bengal Army. Later he was appointed as temporary Brigadier-general. He is the main culprit of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. He Ordered to fire on the civilian people to the troop of British Army after blocking the exit and killed more than 1500 people.
Recent photo of Jallianwala Bagh:
