Cars are always changing. In this data analysis report, I shall analyze the fuel economy in miles per gallon (mpg) and try to answer some questions that can give the readers some insights in the dataset. The dataset contains the data of 398 cars sold in the US in the 1970s and 1980s. You can download the dataset from here. I have used Microsoft Power BI to analyze this dataset.
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- What is the overall trend in fuel economy over time?
- Which automobile characteristic is most correlated to fuel economy?
- Is there a difference in fuel economy by the origin of the car produced? If so, is there an underlying difference in the types of cars manufactured in each?
Answer to question 1: The overall trend in fuel economy is really good. Over the years, fuel economy is getting better because cars are running more miles per gallon. In 1970, average miles per gallon was 17.69 but it increased to 32.00 miles per gallon in 1982. The increase is about 81%. This increase is good news for the car owners and also for the global environment.
Answer to question 2: The answer to this question is not easy. So, we have created 5 (five) scatter charts to detect any correlation.
- Two top right scatter charts
- Three bottom left scatter charts
From the center chart in the top row, we can see that cars with more cylinders have less miles per gallon. Cars with the lowest number of cylinders seem to be more economical but it is hard to come to a decisive conclusion from this chart because we have overlapping data.
From the top right chart, we can see that a smaller displacement value can offer more miles per gallon.
The bottom left chart shows us that more horsepower results in lower miles per gallon. In reality, we see that a racing car consumes a lot more fuel than a usual small private car.
The second chart from the bottom left side indicates that weight is not good for fuel economy. Heavier cars consume more fuel.
The third chart from the bottom left side does not indicate any trend. We can only see that acceleration does not seem to have any correlation with miles per gallon.
Answer to question 3: Origin 1 seems to offer the most economy cars whereas origin 3 seems to produce the least economy cars. The performance of origin 2 is not as good as origin 1 but close to origin 3.
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