I don’t know what legally counts as a hate crime, but I am very familiar with this mentality. At least in this case, I suspect race was not a driving factor. IMO this kind of behavior is due to a carefully maintained, general xenophobia — not racism or religious bigotry, but strong suspicion and fear of literally anybody you don’t know — and a culture that supports shooting people for trespassing that dates back to early colonial times when law enforcement was scarce, when everyone knew everyone else, and strangers coming onto your land were very likely a threat to your safety. This is by way of explanation only; these attitudes have long been unnecessary, unacceptable and should have been discarded long ago. Now if he were Black, he probably wouldn’t even have been given a warning; race would have just worsened this already despicable habit of thinking.