The Raindrop Protocol
TFSC is a completely decentralized public chain that uses self-developed raindrop protocol to replace other consensus protocols and better adapts to the working mode of TFSC multi block producers processing blocks in parallel.
The traditional POW consensus requires a large amount of energy to solve mathematical problems, which can lead to energy and resource waste. Miners with stronger computing power have a higher probability of success, which may lead to a concentration of computing power in several large mining pools, thereby increasing the oligopoly effect.
Compared to POS consensus, verifiers need to hold a certain number of tokens (or staking), and those with more tokens (or staking) also have a higher say, which may lead to an oligopoly effect in incentive allocation.
TFSC needs to find a new balance point and meet the final consensus when all nodes process blocks in parallel. Therefore, we have designed the raindrop protocol, which can enable the verifier to participate in the network consensus fairly and with low energy consumption on the premise of ensuring security, and avoid the oligopoly effect of energy strategy and economic strategy in the long-term development process.
Firstly, we will explain the characteristics of the Raindrop Consensus Protocol:
1. Security: The Raindrop Protocol prevents issues such as double payment and 51% attacks, and has the ability to protect the network from attacks and witch behavior while ensuring decentralization
2. Scalability: With the increase of network users and data volume, the Raindrop Protocol can support higher throughput and more participants, without reducing the level of decentralization and security during the expansion process.
3. Fairness: The Raindrop Protocol adopts discrete random numbers, which ensures that every participant has equal opportunities to receive network incentives and encourages nodes to comply with TFSC code rules.
4. Verifiability: Anyone can use verifiable random numbers to determine whether a new block is legal and whether the transactions in the block are valid.
5. Economic efficiency: The Raindrop Protocol enables the validator to still have high TPS processing capability in low energy working environments, reducing bandwidth resource usage by at least 10 times compared to Solana，which can improve the economic efficiency of the entire system, allowing more all nodes to participate in the system and receive corresponding incentives.
We will explain the working principle of the Raindrop Protocol in the following text.
The Raindrop Protocol is an algorithm that uses VRF to validate random numbers to select multiple block producers with the best available data status for block production, ensuring the fairness and transparency of the election process. All nodes in the network verify whether the selection rules of block producers meet the requirements of random numbers. Throughout the consensus process, it is more like multiple raindrops falling into the water, and consensus is ultimately achieved through the continuous diffusion of ripples.
Firstly, we need to define the trading roles in TFSC as follows:
There are four types of node roles in the TFSC network, but node roles are only the roles played by a node in a certain transaction process, not a single identity. Each node may play four roles, and in fast transactions, a node may play the following four roles:
A. Initiation node: The node that initiates the transaction.
B. The block producing node: The node responsible for initiating the flow of transactions and packaging them into blocks.
C. Verification node (It can also be referred to as a candidate block producing node): A node that verifies the validity of block producing node data.
D. Other nodes: Nodes that have not participated in the consensus process at a certain timestamp will need to confirm the legality of the block data and store it in the database.
During the entire transaction process, it is necessary to select several nodes that meet the stake requirements across the entire network. All selection processes follow the principle of fairness and randomness, using VRF for selection and validation. The process is as follows:
(a) Select block producing node: The node initiating the transaction will use VRF to select block producing node based on the hash and signature information in the block data, and send the transaction randomness to block producing node.
(b) Block flow: After receiving the transaction body, the block producer performs VRF verification to ensure that it is the legitimate node selected by the initiating node to receive the transaction body. Next,the block producing node selects several nodes as block verification nodes in the entire network through VRF, verifies the transactions and VRF in its block, and notifies block producer after successful verification.
© Block broadcasting: After receiving a message verifying the legitimacy of the verification node, the block producing node records it. After the threshold value of the verification message returned by the sampling verification node reaches 15/20, the block producer will place the transaction in the block pool and broadcast the transactions in the block pool to the entire network in chronological order every specific time period
(d) Block on-chaining : The node that receives the block broadcast will undergo VRF verification to determine the legitimacy of the block producing node. The block information is completely verified and stored in the db to complete the upchain
The design of the Raindrop Protocol adopts a lighter algorithm while ensuring security, with the aim of improving the overall performance of the network and enabling TFSC to respond more quickly to on chain transactions. Currently, the average block out time that can be achieved is 0.1 seconds, and the fastest solidification time is only 1 second. With the increasing number of network nodes, it maintains stable performance output and can continue to increase the number of parallel block out nodes in its network, Of course, we believe that the increasing order of magnitude cannot be consistently defined upwards. Currently, we will adopt the most conservative order of magnitude, but the performance of this order of magnitude can fully meet the ecological development of TFSC, and its future scalability is completely sufficient.
The Raindrop Protocol has achieved a fairer incentive model for TFSC, which forms the basis for node incentives through security staking and workload indicators. We do not want to see any oligarch economic effect, and we need to carry out sustainable development under lower energy consumption, which can ensure the long-term stable and harmonious development of TFSC. The economic model of TFSC can refer to the inflation economy in the technology wiki.
We have seen some results that lean towards centralization in the infrastructure development process of web3. Of course, we do not believe this is an absolute mistake, but we do not want to see the irresistible commercial giants in the future web3 world. From the moment we started believing in BTC, we were already destined to adhere to what we should be.
About TFSC
Transformers Chain is a high-performance distributed system with continuously scalable transaction capability, based on a special Raindrop consensus protocol (RDCP), which realizes the ability of multiple block producers to process chain transactions in parallel, and the concurrent number of its block producers can be continuously increased with the scale of the network, through its incentive layer protocol network realizes a decentralized free development state. With a reward epoch cycle every 24 hours, participants are freer to transfer and stake their assets, which makes the network development a harmonious state over time. Transformers will contribute to the development of the web 3.0 global ecosystem with its unique advantages.
On-chain scalability — — Transformers uses a double VRF random number algorithm to elect multiple candidates for block production at the same timestamp and to continuously scale the number of candidates as the network grows in size.
The Chain Structure — — Multiple blocks co-existed at each height of the Transformers network. The peak of each block is quickly confirmed during the consensus process, providing a more reliable mechanism for up-chaining when multiple candidates process block transactions in parallel.
The Raindrop Consensus Protocol (RDCP) — — — multi-path selection of some candidates at the same timestamp by a multiple VRF discrete random number algorithm and completes on-chain consensus of multiple blocks by the candidates, which provides great scope for sustainable scalability of TPS.
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