Political background During the chaotic period that followed the outbreak of the French Revolution rose one man, whose name came to dominate the early 19th century of European history, Napoleon Bonaparte. After conducting some brilliant campaigns in Italy during the 1790s, Napoleon became popular enough to overthrow the Directorate in 1799 and…

Be careful what you wish for. The Russia of Vladimir Putin invaded Ukraine exactly a week ago. The Russian aggression faced almost unanimous condemnation from the Western World, and since then, Russia was hit by the harshest economic sanctions they ever faced. Despite their bleak outlook, the Ukrainian army and…

How the family with the long jaws rose to dominate Europe — For five hundred years, the House of Habsburg was among the leading dynasties of Europe, ruling over an empire that spanned over the territories of more than a dozen modern states and at one point waging wars against half a dozen other European states. At the height of their power…

And what does that mean for the future? After much debate and anticipation, it is now official, Germany agreed to supply Leopard 2 tanks to Ukraine and has given the green light for other NATO member countries using the German tanks to donate their own ones to Ukraine also. Much…

EU Institutions vs Nation-State Institutions One of the more hotly debated political questions of the 21st century is the fate of the European Union. Although the combined economic strength of the EU member states is considerable and many of its member states are among the most prosperous in the world…

The descendants of the Vikings turned things around Few countries in today’s world are as rich or as prosperous as Norway. …

Two ways of overturning politicians in power Kingdoms, republics, empires, and chiefdoms are all fancy names invented to describe a certain political entity that dominates an area. Human history has seen the rise and fall of many political systems. More often than not, the collapse of one system was the…

Read on to learn why I am so pessimistic Since Putin ordered the invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, the war in Eastern Europe become one of the most hotly debated topics in the media. Starting with the heroic Ukrainian resistance, continuing with the massively underwhelming performance of the…

A hell of an experience Time really flies by incredibly quickly, and I have to admit, I was astounded a few days ago when I received a notification from HubPages congratulating me on my anniversary on the page. Many thoughts went through my mind while I read the email, and…