Tallinn: A Comprehensive Guide to the Charming Estonian Capital
Tallinn, the capital and largest city of Estonia, is a charming and historic destination that offers a unique blend of the old and the new.
Tallinn, the capital and largest city of Estonia, is a charming and historic destination that offers a unique blend of the old and the new. Located in northern Europe, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, Tallinn is a city that has much to offer visitors, from its rich history and cultural heritage to its vibrant contemporary scene. In this section, we will provide a brief overview of Tallinn, including its history and reasons to visit.
A Brief History of Tallinn
Tallinn’s history dates back to the 13th century when it was established as a fortified trading hub by German crusaders. Over the centuries, the city has been ruled by various powers, including Denmark, Sweden, and Russia, and has been heavily influenced by these cultures. In 1918, Estonia declared independence, but this was short-lived, as the country was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940. Tallinn remained under Soviet rule until 1991 when Estonia regained its independence.
Since then, Tallinn has undergone significant transformation, becoming a modern, Western-style city while still preserving its medieval Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Today, Tallinn is a thriving city, with a population of approximately 450,000, and is a member of the European Union and NATO.
Why Visit Tallinn
There are many reasons to visit Tallinn, but here are some of the top attractions and experiences that make this city a must-see destination:
- Medieval Old Town: Tallinn’s Old Town is one of the best-preserved medieval cities in Europe. Visitors can wander the cobblestone streets, marvel at the Gothic architecture, and explore the many shops, restaurants, and museums.
- Alexander Nevsky Cathedral: This stunning Russian Orthodox cathedral, located in the heart of Tallinn’s Old Town, is a must-see for its ornate onion domes and intricate interior.
- Toompea Castle: Overlooking Tallinn’s Old Town, Toompea Castle is a historic fortress that now serves as the seat of Estonia’s parliament. Visitors can explore the castle’s courtyard and take in the panoramic views of the city.
- Seaplane Harbour Museum: This unique museum, located in a historic seaplane hangar, offers a fascinating look at Estonia’s maritime history. Visitors can explore historic ships, seaplanes, and submarines, and even try their hand at being a captain.
- Tallinn TV Tower: For the best views of Tallinn, visitors can head to the Tallinn TV Tower, which stands at 314 meters tall. The tower features an observation deck, a restaurant, and a museum that explores the history of television in Estonia.
- Food and Drink: Tallinn is known for its vibrant food and drink scene, with a wide variety of restaurants, cafes, and bars serving everything from traditional Estonian cuisine to international fare. Visitors can sample local specialties like black rye bread, blood sausage, and marzipan, or enjoy a pint of local craft beer.
💡 Overall, Tallinn is a city that offers something for everyone, from history buffs and foodies to outdoor enthusiasts and urban explorers. With its rich cultural heritage, stunning architecture, and vibrant contemporary scene, Tallinn is a destination that should not be missed.
Getting to Tallinn
Tallinn, the capital and largest city of Estonia, is a popular tourist destination in northern Europe. It is easily accessible by air, sea, and land. Here are some options for getting to Tallinn:
By Air
Tallinn Airport (TLL) is the largest airport in Estonia and is located about 4 kilometers from the city center. The airport offers direct flights to dozens of destinations in Europe and beyond, including Amsterdam, Berlin, Copenhagen, Frankfurt, Helsinki, London, Moscow, Paris, Riga, Stockholm, and Vienna.
The airport is served by several airlines, including Air Baltic, airBaltic Citymineo, Aeroflot, Finnair, LOT Polish Airlines, Lufthansa, Norwegian, Ryanair, SAS, and Turkish Airlines. The airport has a variety of amenities, including cafes, restaurants, shops, and car rental services.
To get to the city center from the airport, you can take a taxi, bus, or tram. The bus and tram stops are located just outside the terminal building. The journey to the city center takes about 15–30 minutes, depending on traffic.
By Sea
Tallinn is also easily accessible by sea, with several ferry routes connecting the city to Helsinki, Finland, and Stockholm, Sweden. The ferry terminals are located in the city center, making it easy to get to your hotel or other destinations.
The ferry companies operating on these routes include Tallink Silja Line, Viking Line, and Eckerö Line. The ferries offer a variety of amenities, including restaurants, shops, and entertainment. The journey from Helsinki takes about 2–3 hours, while the journey from Stockholm takes about 16 hours.
By Land
Tallinn is well connected to the rest of Europe by land, with several highways and rail lines connecting the city to other parts of Estonia and neighboring countries.
The main highway connecting Tallinn to the rest of Estonia is the E20, which runs from Tallinn to the southern border of the country. The highway is well-maintained and offers a scenic drive through the Estonian countryside.
There are also several trains connecting Tallinn to other parts of Estonia and Russia. The main train station is located in the city center, near the Tallinn Bus Station. The trains offer a comfortable and affordable way to travel, with fares starting at around €10 for a one-way ticket.
💡 Overall, Tallinn is an accessible and convenient destination, with several options for getting to the city by air, sea, and land. Whether you’re traveling for business or pleasure, Tallinn has something for everyone.
Getting Around Tallinn
Tallinn is a compact and walkable city, making it easy to explore on foot. However, there are also several other options for getting around, including public transportation, bikes, and cars. Here are some tips for getting around Tallinn:
On Foot
Tallinn’s Old Town is a pedestrian-friendly area, with narrow cobblestone streets and many attractions within walking distance. Visitors can easily explore the Old Town on foot, taking in the sights and sounds of this historic area.
The city center is also easy to navigate on foot, with wide sidewalks and well-marked crosswalks. Visitors can stroll along the charming streets, take in the architecture, and enjoy the many shops, restaurants, and cafes.
By Public Transportation
Tallinn has an extensive public transportation system, with buses, trams, and trolleys serving the city and its suburbs. The system is operated by Tallinna Linnatranspordi AS and is affordable, with fares starting at €1 for a single trip.
Visitors can purchase tickets at kiosks, grocery stores, or on board the vehicles. There are also several options for travel passes, including a 1-day pass for €5 and a 5-day pass for €16.
The public transportation system runs from early morning until late at night, with frequent service during peak hours. Visitors can plan their routes using the Tallinn public transportation website or mobile app.
By Bike
Tallinn is a bike-friendly city, with several bike rental options and a growing network of bike lanes. Visitors can rent bikes at several locations throughout the city, including bike shops and hotels.
There are also several bike tours available, offering visitors the opportunity to explore the city and its surroundings on two wheels. The bike tours cover a variety of topics, from history and culture to nature and architecture.
By Car
Driving in Tallinn can be challenging, with narrow streets, heavy traffic, and limited parking. However, if you do choose to drive, there are several car rental options available at the airport and in the city center.
Visitors should note that Tallinn has a congestion charge for driving in the city center during peak hours. The charge is €2 per day and can be paid online or at kiosks throughout the city.
Tallinn also has a well-developed network of taxi companies, with affordable rates and clean, comfortable vehicles. Visitors can hail a taxi on the street or book one in advance through a taxi company or mobile app.
💡 Overall, Tallinn offers a variety of options for getting around, from walking and biking to public transportation and cars. Visitors can choose the option that best suits their needs and budget.
Top Attractions in Tallinn
Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia, is a charming and historic destination that offers a unique blend of the old and the new. With its well-preserved medieval architecture, vibrant cultural scene, and welcoming atmosphere, Tallinn is a must-visit destination for any traveler. In this section, we will explore the top attractions in Tallinn, including the Old Town, Toompea Castle and Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Tallinn TV Tower, Seaplane Harbour, and Tallinn Zoo.
Old Town (Vanala Ville)
Tallinn’s Old Town, also known as Vanala Ville, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the best-preserved medieval cities in Europe. The Old Town is divided into two main areas: the upper town (Toompea) and the lower town (All-linn). Visitors can wander the narrow, cobblestone streets, take in the colorful buildings, and experience the city’s rich history.
Some of the must-see sights in the Old Town include the Town Hall Square, St. Olav’s Church, and the Church of the Holy Ghost. The Old Town also has a variety of shops, restaurants, and cafes, making it the perfect place to spend a day exploring.
Toompea Castle and Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
Toompea Castle is a historic fortress and the seat of Estonia’s parliament. The castle is located on Toompea Hill and offers stunning views of the Old Town and the surrounding area. Visitors can explore the castle’s courtyard and visit the Estonian History Museum, which is housed in the castle’s west wing.
Just a short walk from Toompea Castle is the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, a stunning Russian Orthodox cathedral with onion domes and intricate mosaics. The cathedral is one of the most impressive buildings in Tallinn and is a must-see for any visitor.
Tallinn TV Tower
The Tallinn TV Tower is a 314-meter-tall observation tower that offers stunning views of the city and the surrounding area. Visitors can take a high-speed elevator to the observation deck, which is located at a height of 170 meters. The tower also has a restaurant and a museum that explores the history of television in Estonia.
Seaplane Harbour (Lennusadam)
The Seaplane Harbour is a maritime museum located in a historic seaplane hangar. The museum features a variety of exhibits, including historic ships, seaplanes, and submarines. Visitors can also try their hand at being a captain on a simulated ship or take a boat ride in the harbor.
Tallinn Zoo
The Tallinn Zoo is a popular attraction for families and animal lovers. The zoo is home to more than 10,000 animals from around the world, including bears, wolves, and eagles. The zoo also has a variety of interactive exhibits, including a petting zoo and a children’s playground.
💡 Overall, Tallinn is a city with a rich cultural heritage and a variety of attractions that are sure to appeal to visitors of all ages. Whether you’re interested in history, architecture, art, or nature, Tallinn has something for everyone. With its welcoming atmosphere, affordable prices, and convenient location, Tallinn is a destination that should not be missed.
Food and Drink in Tallinn
Tallinn, the capital and largest city of Estonia, is known for its vibrant food and drink scene. From traditional Estonian cuisine to food markets and street food, there is something for every palate in this charming city. Here are some of the top food and drink experiences in Tallinn:
Traditional Estonian Cuisine
Estonian cuisine is heavily influenced by its German and Russian heritage, with hearty meat dishes, potatoes, and pickled vegetables being common staples. Visitors to Tallinn can sample traditional Estonian dishes like blood sausage, sauerkraut, and black rye bread at restaurants throughout the city.
One of the best places to try traditional Estonian cuisine is the Olde Hansa restaurant, located in the heart of Tallinn’s Old Town. The restaurant features live music, candlelit tables, and a menu full of traditional dishes like elk soup, bear meat, and medieval-style roast wild boar.
Another great option for traditional Estonian cuisine is III Draakon, a cozy tavern located in the Town Hall Square. The tavern has a medieval atmosphere, with wooden tables, stone walls, and a menu of hearty dishes like smoked herring, sauerkraut, and blood sausage.
Food Markets and Street Food
Tallinn is home to several food markets and street food vendors, offering visitors the opportunity to sample a variety of local and international cuisines. The Telliskivi Loomelinnak market, located in the trendy Telliskivi district, is a popular destination for foodies. The market features a variety of vendors selling everything from fresh produce to street food.
Visitors can also check out the Balti Jaama Turg market, located near the train station. The market features a variety of food stalls, cafes, and restaurants serving everything from traditional Estonian cuisine to international fare.
Craft Beer and Nightlife
Tallinn is known for its vibrant nightlife, with a variety of bars, pubs, and nightclubs serving up cold drinks and good times. The city is also home to a thriving craft beer scene, with several local breweries and taprooms serving up unique and flavorful brews.
One of the best places to sample craft beer in Tallinn is the Põhjala Taproom, located in the Telliskivi district. The taproom features a variety of beers brewed on-site, as well as guest taps from other local and international breweries.
Another great option for craft beer in Tallinn is the TapTap Craft Beer Bar, located in the Old Town. The bar features a variety of local and international beers on tap, as well as a cozy atmosphere and friendly staff.
💡 Overall, Tallinn is a city that offers a variety of food and drink experiences for visitors. Whether you’re looking for traditional Estonian cuisine, international fare, craft beer, or a lively nightlife scene, Tallinn has something for everyone. With its welcoming atmosphere, affordable prices, and convenient location, Tallinn is a destination that should not be missed.
Accommodation in Tallinn
Tallinn, the capital and largest city of Estonia, offers a wide range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference. From luxury hotels and cozy hostels to vacation rentals and camping, visitors are sure to find the perfect place to stay in this charming city. Here are some of the top accommodation options in Tallinn:
Hotels
Tallinn has a variety of hotels to choose from, ranging from budget-friendly options to luxury resorts. Some of the top hotels in Tallinn include:
- Hotel Palace: This luxury hotel is located in the heart of Tallinn’s Old Town and features spacious rooms, a fitness center, and a gourmet restaurant.
- Radisson Blu Sky Hotel: This modern hotel is located in the city center and offers stunning views of the Old Town and the sea. The hotel features a rooftop terrace, a fitness center, and a restaurant.
- Hotel Telegraph: This boutique hotel is located in a historic building in the Old Town and features cozy rooms, a restaurant, and a bar.
Hostels
Tallinn is also home to several hostels, offering affordable accommodations for budget-conscious travelers. Some of the top hostels in Tallinn include:
- The Monk’s Bunk Hostel: This cozy hostel is located in the Old Town and features private rooms and dorms, a common room, and a kitchen.
- Tallinn Backpackers: This hostel is located in the city center and offers private rooms and dorms, a common room, and a bar.
- Red Emperor Bar and Hostel: This hostel is located in the Old Town and features private rooms and dorms, a bar, and a restaurant.
Vacation Rentals
Vacation rentals are a popular option for travelers who want more space and privacy than a hotel or hostel can offer. Tallinn has a variety of vacation rentals to choose from, ranging from cozy apartments to spacious villas. Some of the top vacation rental websites for Tallinn include Airbnb, Vrbo, and HomeAway.
Camping
Camping is a great option for travelers who love the outdoors and want to connect with nature. Tallinn has several campgrounds located just a short drive from the city center. Some of the top campgrounds in Tallinn include:
- Kalevi Keskus Camping: This campground is located just outside the city center and features tent and RV sites, as well as a restaurant and a shop.
- Pikakari Camping: This campground is located on the coast and features tent and RV sites, as well as a beach and a playground.
- Viimsi Camping: This campground is located just outside the city center and features tent and RV sites, as well as a sauna and a playground.
💡 Overall, Tallinn is a city that offers a variety of accommodation options for visitors. Whether you’re looking for luxury or budget-friendly, traditional or unique, Tallinn has something for everyone. With its welcoming atmosphere, convenient location, and affordable prices, Tallinn is a destination that should not be missed.
Practical Information for Visiting Tallinn
Tallinn, the capital and largest city of Estonia, is a popular tourist destination known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and beautiful architecture. To help you plan your trip, here are some practical tips and information about visiting Tallinn.
Currency and Payment
The official currency of Estonia is the Euro (EUR). Visitors can exchange their money at banks, currency exchange offices, or ATMs, which are widely available throughout the city. Major credit cards are also accepted at most restaurants, shops, and hotels.
Language and Communication
The official language of Estonia is Estonian, but many people in Tallinn also speak Russian and English. English is widely spoken in tourist areas, and most signs and menus are also available in English. If you need help, don’t hesitate to ask a local for assistance.
Electricity and Plugs
The electricity in Estonia is 230V/50Hz, and the power sockets are type F, which is the same as in most European countries. Visitors from the US or other countries with different plug types may need to bring an adapter.
Tallinn Card
The Tallinn Card is a sightseeing pass that offers free admission to many of the city’s top attractions, as well as free public transportation and discounts on various services. The card is available for 24, 48, or 72 hours and can be purchased at the airport, tourist information centers, or online.
Other Practical Tips
- Tap water is safe to drink in Tallinn.
- The city is relatively small and easy to navigate on foot. However, there are also public transportation options available, including buses, trams, and trolleys.
- Tipping is not mandatory in Estonia, but it is customary to leave a small tip (around 5–10%) in restaurants and cafes.
- The best time to visit Tallinn is during the summer months (June-August) when the weather is warm and sunny. However, the city is also beautiful in the winter, with snow-covered streets and Christmas markets.
- When visiting religious sites, dress modestly and remove your hat.
- Smoking is not allowed in most public places, including restaurants and bars.
- Estonia is a member of the Schengen Area, so visitors from outside the EU may need to obtain a visa.
- It’s a good idea to have travel insurance when traveling abroad, especially if you plan to participate in any adventurous activities.
By following these practical tips and information, you can ensure a smooth and enjoyable trip to Tallinn, the charming and historic capital of Estonia.
