The 9 essential strategies to build an ecological house
Do you want to build an ecological house? Sounds good indeed, but how exactly do you define an ecological house?
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I give you here my personal interpretation of the subject:
Limit the use of natural resources and limit greenhouse gas emissions during construction, end-of-life use of your home.
This definition lists 2 fundamental points:
• Limit the use of natural resources, ie reduce the use of materials as much as possible and eliminate non-renewable materials.
• Limit the emission of greenhouse gases, that is to say reduce the use of materials and systems using fossil fuels, in one way or another (for example polystyrene insulation emits a lot of GHGs, through its manufacture and the transport of materials to the factory).
So, for the design of our ecological house, we will have to focus on 3 strategies:
• Limit the use of materials
• Eliminate non-renewable materials as much as possible
• Reduce the use of fossil fuels
To follow this idea, I suggest here 9 strategies for designing and building your ecological house:
Choose the location of your home with intelligence
Silly, but the most eco-friendly house that is built and built 30 km from any sign of life is likely to have a poor carbon footprint.
Why is that?
Like any social being, you will be tempted to meet your peers, if only to buy (exchange?) A living. And apart from cycling and walking, all means of transport have a significant environmental impact.
Morality? An ecological house is a house without a garage
Limit the design to your needs
2nd devilishly effective strategy for your ecological house: know your real needs and limit yourself to the necessary m². Because 1 additional m² in your house means a few hundred euros more to build and heat. But it’s mostly raw materials and extra energy spent for nothing. By the way, this is my permanent advice: the first step in building an
ecological house is to know exactly what you need. And for this, a table of surfaces is the tool par excellence.
Decrease energy requirements
Once the number of parts and their sizes have been validated, it is a matter of properly designing your project to limit energy needs.
For this, you can use the concepts of bioclimatic.
• Orient the building correctly
• Arrange the rooms to take advantage of the sun when necessary, in each one
• Refine the architectural form
• Position and size windows as accurately as possible
• Design effective sun protection
This step allows you to save energy forever, just with your brainpower! Nothing could be simpler to build an ecological house
Choose the right materials
Whether for the floor, the walls, or the roof, you can select materials with a very low impact on the environment.
For example, you can choose:
• Insulation in straw or hemp wool instead of glass wool
• Insulation under a cork slab instead of polystyrene
• A wooden frame instead of the concrete block
Please note, this step is a real challenge: the traditional materials used in construction do not meet these criteria. Going off the beaten track usually means extra costs and a lot of hair-pulling to build an eco-house.
Improve energy performance
Once the plans and materials have been chosen, it is a matter of putting in place the systems allowing you to guarantee your comfort. Whether it is heating, hot water, lighting, or multimedia equipment, all these elements are essential, but with a consequent ecological impact.
For that, here is a list of the essential points for an ecological house:
• Adapt the heating power to your home (a power calculation is welcome)
• Size the ventilation system as accurately as possible
• Choose domestic hot water production according to your needs
• Insulate the hot water pipes
• Design efficient lighting
• Cut through high-performance household and multimedia equipment.
Choose clean energy sources
Most of the systems we’ve seen run on electricity.
But for heating, there are several solutions. A heating system can work with different energy sources:
• Fuel oil
• Gas
• In the woods
• Electricity
• Renewable energy
The ideal, from an ecological point of view, is of course renewable energy. But beware, there is a catch. There is no such thing as a system that only works with 100% “natural” energy:
A solar water heater works about 50% with electricity, for lack of sunlight
A heat pump needs electricity to operate, although 1 “unit” of electricity can provide 2–4 “units” of heat. Always better than an electric heater!
But heating with wood is also an ecological solution: Wood has stored carbon during its life and its combustion only releases this carbon into the air. It is said that wood has a zero-carbon footprint.
Finally, the ecological impact of electricity depends on how it is produced. If your supplier is EDF, then your electricity comes from:
• 42% of nuclear: almost zero carbon footprint, but the nuclear risk exists
• 30% of oil: terrible carbon footprint
• 14% gas; poor carbon footprint
• 3% coal: horrible carbon footprint
• 10% renewable energy (biomass, hydroelectric dams, etc.): almost zero carbon footprint, but the impact on flora and fauna should be considered.
Source: https://www.unfmarketing.pk/
But you have alternative solutions: alternative electricity suppliers exist in France. They generally produce their electricity by wind turbines or photovoltaic panels. Enough to reduce your ecological balance!
Using your ecological home well
How to make a house with zero consumption? Extremely simple: do not allow yourself any heating, any light, or hot water.
Are you up for it?
Obviously no, the number 1 goal is to live comfortably.
The problem is that the more comfort we want, the more we consume (material and energy).
You must therefore know how to be reasonable in terms of your comfort criteria. Whether it is on the heating setpoint, the hot water temperature, the lights on, or the time of use of your multimedia devices, small, simple actions can limit your impact on the environment.
So, I trust you to put common-sense limits on the level of comfort you will adopt in your ecological home.
Maintain your ecological home
The ecological impact of your home is not limited to its construction. You can influence your impact every day by properly using and caring for your little green gem.
This goes through
• Regular cleaning of systems, ventilation openings, filters….
• Periodic verification of the systems by a professional
The goal is to keep your home performing well over time. This will ensure that you do not consume more than you need to.
All you have to do is apply these 9 strategies to design and build an ecological house.
